論仲裁之單方臨時措施與初步命令

On Ex Parte Interim Measures and Preliminary Order on Arbitration

仲裁為國際商務中，經常使用之訴訟外紛爭解決機制。仲裁環境之優劣，更與國際經貿之競爭力息息相關，亦即提升仲裁環境，為追求經貿實力不可或缺之一環。於仲裁制度中，訂有仲裁協議之爭端當事人於爭議交付仲裁前或仲裁程序進行中，就保全程序之權限屬於何者，隨著仲裁制度之發展有著不同之變化。於早期，保全裁定之權限歸於與國家主權息息相關之法院，仲裁庭並無權核准與保全相關之暫時性措施。然而，並存模式於《模範法》之推動下，已被許多國家之立法採行，亦有許多國家之仲裁相關規範，雖非以《模範法》作為基礎，但仍採並存管轄模式，賦予仲裁庭核准臨時措施之權限。本研究主要內容係針對仲裁保全程序採並存模式下，所面臨之單方臨時措施與初步命令問題加以探究，以釐清問題之脈絡，便於未來立法之參考。

Obtaining provisional measures swiftly is of paramount importance to the parties in arbitration. Whether a provisional measure is an arbitral award is a hotly debated question. Traditionally, applications for provisional measures had been a province of courts; however, increasingly an arbitral tribunal has granted provisional measures. It has already been in existence that as suggested arbitrators should be able to issue ex parte interim measures. A great debate still remained within the international community as to the legality and enforceability thereof. This paper will seek to analyze the pros and cons as well as related problems involving ex parte applications in arbitration.