試析金聖歎《水滸傳》評點中的文人之議

Literati Comments On the Jin Shengtan's Values in The Water Margin

既有研究多提及金聖歎於《水滸傳》評點中所呈現的矛盾思想：既維護傳統規範，亦尊重個人論述。本文以為，二者看似相對立的兩種主張，卻有共通的可能，即以文人之議的角度嘗試連結。所謂文人，應具有庶人背景，抱持著述與批判使命感的士人身分，以此分析評點中有關庶人橫議、著述孤憤與運事修辭、隱喻褒貶等內涵，本文強調金聖歎於評點中如何去進行價值論述，同時如何去看待此一批評活動，於分析金聖歎有關個人自由議論之論述與主張外，也將探討此一主張所展現的文人詩性關懷與人生姿態。

This article discuss about the phenomenon that Jin Sheng-Tan's Comment The Water Margin from the perspectives of poetics, ethics and literati culture. In criticizing The Water Margin, Jin Sheng-Tan advocates maintaining traditional norms, but also respects for the individual expositions, these two seemingly contradictory views, but there is a common-oriented, that is, the need for intellectual debate. This article argues that Jin's comments on the novel, which is what Jin believes a scholar should have a critical consciousness, he should be issued an independent observation and opinion, which is a necessary attitude toward life. And such a claim is to be expected as a poetic considerations.