莫友芝《韻學源流》及其音韻學史觀

On Mo Youzhi's Origin of Phonology and His Historical Thought of Phonology

莫友芝《韻學源流》是漢語音韻學史的奠基之作，對於漢語音韻學史的編纂有開創之功。然而，前人對於此書的解讀，大抵上是站在「語音史」的立場，以客觀主義（objectivism）觀點作為評定優劣良窳的標準，故多聚焦於理性、邏輯的層面上，側重「音韻學史」與「語音史」之間的關連，卻忽略莫友芝的音韻學史觀及其對《韻學源流》的敘述方式所產生的影響。有鑑於此，本文參考「語言學史學」（historiography of linguistics）的研究方式，除關注《韻學源流》如何理性闡釋音韻學的發展源流外，更試著透過莫友芝的敘述方式，發掘文本所隱藏的詩學特質與意識形態，主要內容有二：一、以《韻學源流》文本為研究對象，採取「語言學史學」的研究路徑，探究《韻學源流》的敘述模式，解析莫友芝的音韻學史觀；二、檢視當代學者對《韻學源流》有何不同評價，試著彼此調整觀看問題的視角，提出更具全面性、含括性的評價模式，讓不同立場的音韻學史研究者得以彼此對話。希望藉由本文之論述，得以補苴前人研究之缺漏，對《韻學源流》的意義與價值有更深層的認識。

Mo Youzhi's Origin of Phonology is the masterpiece in the history of Chinese phonology, inaugurating the editing and compiling of the history of Chinese phonology. However, most of the former scholars took the stance of history of phonology and judged with objectivism. Thus, they usually focused on the relationship between history of phonology and history of phonetics, yet fail to address Mo's historical thought of phonology and his impact evoked from his narrative of Origin of Phonology. Due to the aforementioned limits, the present paper, based on the historiography of linguistics, not only addresses how Origin of Phonology reasonably interprets the development of phonology, but also delves the text underlying the poetic features and the ideology. There are two main focuses: 1) to explore the narrative mode to analyze Mo's historical thought of phonology; 2) to examine if the contemporary scholars have any different treatments toward Origin of Phonology. This paper attempts to adjust the perspectives of seeing, and then proposes a more coherent and comprehensive evaluative model. This builds a dialogue among the phonology scholars who bear different stances. By doing so, the paper wishes to supplement the flaws of previous scholarly research and then deepen the meanings and values of Mo's groundbreaking work.