陸游晚年以「疾病」隱喻之和戰思想

On Lu You's Thoughts of War and Peace Implied in the Metaphors of Illness Written During Old Age

陸游的愛國詩篇向來備受關注，一般皆視其為永不肯言降的強硬主戰派。然而其晚年一系列以疾病隱喻政治思想的詩篇，卻透露出不同的訊息。本文借助隱喻的基本例則，分析陸游以治國說明治疾的原因，並與其愛國詩作及當時的政治情勢作密切的對照與稽疑，抉發其對開禧議和的態度之轉變。他由最初的重視養生、謹慎作息而逐漸發展出以元氣為本、戒慎藥石，進而視病如嚴師畏友與以慈愛之心加以包容的獨特主張。這些也在在隱喻了歷經曲折的戰和過程後，詩人經過深入的省思，所婉轉表達的對待金人的正確態度、接受和談的意願，並賦予此一處境積極正面的意義，以及用仁愛寬和的心胸處置戰後或聚而為盜的忠義人的原則。

The patriotic poems of Lu You have been paid close attention to, with emphasis that these poems represent the faction that advocates war and refuses to surrender. Yet, from the poems written during his old age which use the metaphors of illness to convey Lu You's political views, we can find a quite different attitude toward the attack launched during the Kai-shi period. The turbulent situation during this time made Lu You reconsider the benefit of peace. In these poems, he expresses the willingness of making peace and explains its positive aspect through examples of healing from illness. He also proposes to use humanistic and magnanimous airs of manner to treat the gallant outlaws who were displaced after war.