《酉陽雜俎》的文類與敘事研究──以魯迅的觀點為考察中心

The Study of Genre and Narration of You Yang Za Zu: The Inspection Concentrated on Lu Xun's Perspective

段成式（803－863）《酉陽雜俎》是現存唐末重要的小說集，被《四庫全書》肯定為「小說之翹楚」，魯迅（1881－1936）《中國小說史略》在分析唐代小說集時，特別將《酉陽雜俎》歸為「雜俎」一類，與其他的唐代諸「傳奇集」有別。本篇試圖從魯迅所提挈全書「或錄或敘」和「分類敘述」的敘事特質，抉發全書兼具了魯迅所界定的「志怪」和「傳奇」小說次文類的文體風格，甚至形成歷來小說分類的跨越性，因而理解魯迅不以段成式在《酉陽雜俎．序》所自我認知的「志怪小說」去界定全書，而是以其書名「雜俎」將之歸類。即在魯迅小說史的脈絡下思考，《酉陽雜俎》已跨越了志怪∕志人∕傳奇等小說的次文類，故魯迅將之歸於取自段成式自名的「雜俎」一類，實有其理。

You Yang Za Zu (The Miscellaneous Morsels from You-yang) is a book written by Duan Cheng Shi (803-863). It is a significant collection of fiction in the late-Tang Dynasty. Moreover, it has been regarded as ＂The Outstanding Fiction＂ in Complete Library of the Four Treasuries. Lu Xun classified it as ＂Za Zu＂ (miscellany) which is apart from other ＂legendary collections＂. This article attempts to reveal its subgenre style of ＂Za Zu＂ between ＂anomaly＂ and ＂legend＂. Lu Xun has defined the narrative characteristics of the whole book with ＂record/narration＂ and ＂narrative features＂. In this way, You Yang Za Zu forms a cross-boundary character in the history of fiction classifications, so this is the appropriate way to understand Lu Xun's perspective in classifying it as ＂Za Zu＂ with its argument.