川端文學與繪畫的交響──以〈白馬〉為例

Symphony between Kawabata's Literature and Art - A Study on “Hakuba＂

川端康成在文學創作之餘，也極為熱衷繪畫等古藝術的收藏，跟幾位畫家時而談論繪畫，相交甚深，或許是因為具有如此之藝術背景，川端文學中時而穿插繪畫，我們可以從他的作品中看出他透過繪畫來創作文學的意圖。在這些畫家中，川端最頻繁交換意見、談論繪畫的是東山魁夷，川端甚至在晚年時自己提議與東山嘗試繪畫與文學的交流，〈地〉〈不死〉〈曇花〉〈白馬〉等短篇小說就是在這種情況下完成的作品。本稿中以川端〈白馬〉為探討重點，與東山留下之畫作〈白馬〉及以馬為題材之繪畫作比較，了解兩位藝術家如何欣賞對方之創作，並參考〈曇花〉〈晚霞中的少女〉等同時期之作品，探討理解川端文學時繪畫可以發揮如何之作用？繼而詮釋〈白馬〉的創作意圖。

A famed writer, Kawabata also had a great interest in fine arts and antique collections. He was closely acquainted with various artists and regularly corresponded with them. We can grasp a glimpse of Kawabata's background in arts through his integration of art works into his literature and his endeavor to gain inspirations through fine arts Among Kawabata's artist friends, he conversed most often and was most closely related to Higashiyama Kaii. In Kawabata's later years under Kawabata's suggestion, the two artists experimented on collaboration between art and literature. The results are works like Chi” (Ground, “Hus” (Undead), “Gekkabijin” (Beauty under the Moon), and “Hakuba” (White Horse). This paper will focus on the short novel Hakuba”, and compare it with Higashiyama's art works of the same title or same theme. Through understanding how these two artists appreciate each other's works, and referencing Kawabata's literary compositions from the same era “Gekkabijin and “Yubaeshojo”, this paper will try to reveal how artistic pieces affect Kawabata's literature, and uncover his motivations behind the creation of the short novel “Hakuba”.