戰後日本女性文學中的性幻想—以河野多惠子的「獵童」為例—

Sexual Fantasy in the Postwar Japanese Women's Writing-Kōno Taeko's 'Toddler-hunting'

第二次世界大戰後日本的新興女作家，不約而同的以或擬態或諷刺或怪誕詭譎的手法創造出幻想的世界，藉以挑戰日本戰敗後卻仍根深蒂固的「家族國家」意識型態及男性宰制的兩性關係。例如河野多惠子常以令人毛骨悚然的施受虐狂男女關係以及血腥虐待、殘殺男孩幻想的主題，刻畫女主角藉由「異常心理」與「異常性愛」來探索女性追求情慾的極致，進而發掘女性個體存在的意義，並顛覆女性天生具有母性的傳統神話。本研究計畫將運用精神分析理論、性別理論以及觀視理論，深入探討河野多惠子作品中的女主角如何透過戀童、虐童的幻想，於男性所主導的社會中表達女性的自我主張、大膽地追求情慾，進而顛覆傳統文化中的性別論述。主要文本分析對象為河野多惠子於1961年震撼文壇的代表作「獵童」（「幼児狩り」），試圖爬梳女性作家如何透過如此血腥殘虐的幻想作品，反映出當時政治時空與文化脈絡下強加諸於女性軀體之性別符號似及女性如何在此性別窠臼下採取越軌的策略，藉由異常的幻想追求女性情慾進而建立其主體性。本研究計畫希望能夠提供對河野多惠子作品深度的解讀，並一窺戰後女性作家選擇以幻想為其寫作策略所隱含之性別政治企圖。

Among the Japanese women writers of the 1960s and 1970s, Kōno Taeko explored some of the most offensive themes, such as sado-masochism, infanticide, and presented some of the most disturbing images like bloody maltreatment of young boy in her fantastic stories that were arguably intended to deconstruct the confined gender roles in society and to challenge the rigid Japanese family system in Japan. In light of psychoanalytic theory, gender studies and gaze theory, I will employ text analysis to examine the context of one of Kōno's representative short stories, ”Toddler-hunting,” (1961) in order to discover one of the no less significant women's writing strategies. This research is intended to provide in-depth feminist theoretical interpretation of Kōno's writing in particular, and to explore the sexual-political ambitions of the Japanese women writers in general wherever they employ stunning fantasy as their writing strategy.