原住民族幸福感之研究：對原住民族社會政策與社會工作的意涵

An Empirical Study on Happiness of Indigenous People in Taiwan: Implications for Indigenous Social Policy and Social Work

原住民族是不快樂或悲情的嗎？本研究旨在探討臺灣原住民族的幸福感樣貌及其影響因素，並據以提出促進原住民福祉的相關建議。幸福感量表係由六個面向所組成：心理福祉、身心健康、工作與生活平衡、生活水準、人身安全及良善治理。本研究以20歲以上之具有原住民身分者為研究對象，並採取叢集抽樣方法，以全國55個「原住民族家庭服務中心」為平臺，每個中心各邀請15位符合受訪資格者接受面訪調查，最後完成有效問卷790份。研究發現，原住民族的幸福感屬中上段的，特別是在「心理福祉」和「工作與生活平衡」面向上。影響幸福感的變項很多，其中，年齡、收支平衡狀況、居住時間與居住區域是最主要的影響變項。依據研究結果與討論，本研究從社會政策與社會工作的觀點，提出有助於促進原住民族幸福感與福祉的相關建議。

Are indigenous people ‘unhappy’ or ‘miserable’ as supposed? This study aims to explore the profile of the happiness of the indigenous people in Taiwan, and its influencing factors, in particular their personal traits and family status. The ‘happiness scale’ is comprised of 6 domains: psychological well-being, physical and mental health, work-life balance, living standards, physical safety, and good governance. The case population is indigenous people aged over 20. 790 samples from 55 ‘indigenous family service centers’ located on the Island (Taiwan) were successfully invited to participate in face-to-face interviews. The results show that indigenous happiness leans towards positive, in particular in the domains of ‘psychological well-being’ and ‘work-life balance’. Many variables influencing happiness, among others, include: age, balance between income and expenditure, community living time, and residential area made the most significant contributions. According to the findings, some suggestions related to promoting indigenous life chance and well-being are proposed from the perspectives of social policy and social work.