揭露文本的沉默性：以批判論述分析方法應用於「曹小妹事件調查報告」為例

Making the Production of a Text Visible: Analyzing the Investigatory Report on “The Tragic Death of Girl Tsao” to Explore the Methodology of Critical Discourse Analysis

本文分為三個部分來梳理批判論述分析的知識理路與方法論處置。首先，討論批判論述分析作為一個分析的概念，其如何思考及關注語言的社會性、論述與權力，以及論述與意識型態之間的關係。再者，釐清批判論述分析作為一個揭露文本中社會文化脈絡、權力、意識型態之間複雜連結的研究取徑，其在方法論上的幾個議題，包括為什麼文本中會蘊含著這樣複雜的連結、文本的選擇，以及如何進行文本的分析。最後，以分析監察院所公布的〈曹小妹母攜女燒炭自殺事件調查報告〉為示例，來討論如何運用此方法進行文本的分析，以達到此方法所欲獲致的目的。希望藉此可以讓臺灣的社工社群更深入地了解與掌握此方法，並用以進行社會工作研究及知識生產，擴充社會工作知識與行動的多元性。

This p aper aims to examine the rationality and methodology of critical discourse analysis (CDA), in seeking to extend its theory and applications for social work research and practice. It is divided into three parts. The first part discusses CDA as an analytical concept founded on phenomenological linguistics claiming the sociality of language; post-structuralism declared speech as a power process, and critical theory asserted the ideology in language, pursuing to understand the relationship between language and social process. The second part examines CDA as a research orientation: how to use phenomenology, hermeneutics and post-structuralism to disclose the meaning-making network and the role of power in texts; how to choose text; and how to analyze the text. In the third part, the investigatory report on the “The Tragic Death of Young Girl Tsao” from the Control Yuan is text used to carry out the steps of CDA analysis obtained above. It also demonstrates how the core-concern of CDA: “how does language figure (this article is a child protection discourse) as an element in the social process (this article consolidates the child protection system in Taiwan)”. This paper aims at proposing an alternative perspective regarding knowledge production and research methodology for social work, and enhancing understanding of CDA with greater confidence.