男同志的身體展演──以同志友善機構空間為例

Bodily Performativity of Gay - Taking LGBTQIA-Friendly Institution As an Example

晚近地理學中，關懷與培力性少數族群，同時揭示空間中的性別盲目的「多元／差異的女性主義地理學」已蔚然成家。最微觀的空間－身體，被視為社會結構與個體之間的中介，同時作為建構展演、資本、階級之載體，並與空間互為主體性。本研究以台中市的同志友善機構──台中基地為例，透過深度訪談與參與觀察等方式，考察20位男同志如何在同志友善機構的場域中，如何展演其身體，透過資本去競逐、分化族群，也觀察個體與空間互動的過程。研究結果發現，男同志的主體性具強烈的脈絡性，依循著個體主體性的形塑脈絡，分為四個主題討論：1.自我主體性建構；2.社會中的流動實體與展演實踐；3.進入「基地」後的主體建構與展演實踐；4.展演後再現的基地。從上述歸結出，男同志的自我主體性受到個人經歷與社會體系論述所影響，並在踏入體系後有競逐資本、他者化與分類等行為，藉由主體性再次創造空間。「基地」中的個體除了透過自身策略去融入，同時亦形塑著外人眼中的「基地」；「展演後再現的基地」是年輕、陰柔、男同志猴族為主的友善空間，然而內部的主體性卻是不穩定且更迭的。此外個體也受空間形塑出具有性平意識卻有父權結構影子的個體，最終，其對抗的最主要外力仍是難以撼動的異性戀霸權結構。本研究於結論與延伸中，認為友善空間在現階段為爭取平權中體制內的協商，而友善空間中流動的展演特性，對抗的始終是異性戀霸權的結構，而非其中的分化，個人即政治仍是切中地理、性別即生活的核心要件。

In the late period of geography after the cultural turn, the three waves of feminism not only carry and empower the gender minorities, but also continues to reveal the space of gender blindness. The most microscopic space, the body, is regarded as an intermediary between social structure and individuals. The class and status of the body are shaped according to its performativity and capital amount. Space, as a supporting system of the performativity, will be shaped by its subjective, and vice versa. This research takes Taichung GDi as an example to research the bodily performativity of gay in this friendly space. Through the depth interviews and participant observations, it investigates not only how the 20 gay men compete in space and differentiate between ethnic groups but also observes the process of subjectivity and spatial interaction. The results show that the subjectivity of gay men has a strong context. According to the subjective shaping context from boys to individual, it is divided into four main thematic discussions: 1. Self-subject construction; 2. Flowing entity and performativity practice in society; 3. the subject construction and performativity practice after entering Taichung GDi; 4. Representational Taichung GDi after the performativity. From the above four themes, from Gay men`s identities in the self-subject construction are completed, until entering Taichung GDi, individuals become a part of the GDi through strategy and immersed in the subjectivity of it. At last, the outsiders' perspectives of the representational Taichung GDi after the performativity would be described as a gay friendly space which is mostly consisted of young, feminine and twink. However, the internal subjectivity is unstable and changing. Besides the representation of the space, the homosexual in GDi also become the representation of individuals who has a gender awareness yet still oppressed by the patriarchal structure. The most important external force is heterosexual hegemony structure, which is difficult to shake.