臺灣工藝產業面臨自造者運動的趨勢與前景

The Trends and Prospect of Taiwan's Traditional Craft Industry Facing the Maker Movement

工藝具備生活實用特質，但隨工業機械化生產，傳統工藝缺乏與時俱進被工業製品取代。臺灣工藝現況面臨：強調在地性的區域型工藝產業阻隔外部刺激與奧援；工藝美術創作路線無益於產業發展。本研究目的企圖藉由自造者運動解決當前工藝產業問題意識。透過文獻回顧與實作觀察，發掘臺灣工藝產業轉型具備以下四個趨勢：1.扁平組織去中間化；2.人才協作去集中化；3.傳習改變降低異化；4.長尾效應社群分眾化。相關於自造者運動對臺灣工藝產業前景發展，分述於以下六點：1.設計思考數位協作；2.參與設計驅動供給；3.跨域整合異材結合；4.永續綠材在地識別；5.募資平台市場前測；6.體驗經濟創造價值。自造者運動對工藝產業的趨勢與前景，歸納相關研究結論如下：1.工藝自造者不執著於單一材料與技術項目，工藝產品從素材到工法呈現多元樣貌。2.工藝產業鏈串聯工藝家精湛的工藝技術，透過設計師設計轉譯，並責成小型製造工廠協助小批量且多樣化生產。3.地方型工藝產業在自造者運動下，昔日代工主導的產業型態獲得轉型，無論是前店後廠的體驗式經營，抑或募資平台為通路，去中間化讓生產端與消費端獲得充分對話機會，生活工藝品得到更便捷的行銷通路。

Crafts possess everyday life practical characteristics, but with the rise of industrial mechanical production, and because traditional crafts lack the ability to keep up with the times, they are replaced by industrial products. Taiwan's traditional craft industry is facing: Local craft industry which emphasizes localization blocks stimulation and support from outside; the creation route of the craft art is not beneficial to the development of industries. The Objective of this research is to solve the traditional craft industry's current issues and consciousness. By reviewing documents and executing actual observation, it points out the following four trends of Taiwan's traditional craft industry's transformation: 1. Flat organization, disintermediation 2. Talented personnel cooperating together, decentralization 3. Changes in impartation and mentoring, lowering alienation 4. The Long Tail, community demassification. As for the prospect and development of the Maker Movement on Taiwan's traditional craft industry, they are described separately as followed: 1. Design thinking, digital support and cooperation 2. Participation in design, boosting supply 3. Cross-field integration, combining different materials 4. Sustainable green materials, local identification 5. Fundraising platforms, market testing 6. Experiencing economy, creating values. Related researches on the trends and prospect of Taiwan's traditional craft industry facing the Maker Movement are organized as followed: 1. Traditional craft makers don't persist in using single kind of materials and techniques, and the source materials and method show diversity. 2. The traditional craft industry chain is linked with craft artists' exquisite craft techniques; designers are in charge of design transformation, and they assist small factories with productions that are small quantity and diversified. 3. Local craft industry, under the Maker Movement, gets to transform from the industry type that was once dominated by sub-contract manufacturing. Either the experiencing type of operation having the store in front and the factory at back, or using fundraising platforms as the channel, disintermediation makes the communication between the production end and the consumer end sufficient, and living crafts gain a faster and more convenient marketing channel.