菜豆種子固體滲調之研究

Solid Matrix Priming of Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Seeds

‘七寸白雪’菜豆於15℃下，以蛭石及Agro-Lig進行固體滲調，以改善種子的發芽。Agro-Lig介質、處理天數及添加水量對種子於25℃發芽率無顯著影響，但平均發芽天數受介質種類、添加水量顯著影響。以蛭石滲調則以添加水量及天數交感影響平均發芽天數及GT90-10，以種子：蛭石3號處理：添加0.1%NaOCl水量（重量比）＝20:15:20，處理2天或3天為較佳固體滲調條件。滲調種子於15℃、25℃及35℃之平均發芽天數被縮短。滲調可提高種子於15℃之出土率及促進種子快速萌芽。菜豆以蛭石進行固體滲調，滲調期間，種子所釋放的二氧化碳量依加水量減少而釋放量減少。經滲調處理種子於25℃下於吸水第一階段之吸水速度皆加快，於第二階段滲調種子縮短12小時。種子之導電度值於吸水後六小時處理組與對照組間無顯著差異。 ‘Seven-inch Snow’ snap bean seeds were primed in vermiculite or Agro-Lig at 15°C. Germination at 25°C was not affected by Agro-Lig medium particle size, the duration of priming or the amount of 0.1% NaOCl solution. However, the mean number of days to germination (MDG) was significantly affected by Agro-Lig particle size and the amount of NaOCl solution. With vermiculite as the priming medium, the amount of 0.1% NaOCl solution and the duration of priming significantly affected germination and MDG. The solid matrix priming conditions yielding the best results were priming for 3 days at 15°C in a 20: 15: 20 mixture, by weight, of seeds, vermiculite # 3, and 0.1% NaOCl. Priming shortened the MDG of seeds germinated at 15, 25 and 35°C. Priming increased the emergence and the rate of emergence of seeds germinated at 15°C. The amount of CO2 discharged from seeds decreased as the water content of the medium increased. Priming affected imbibition by increasing water absorption during the first phase, and shortening, by 12 hours, the duration of the second phase. The conductivity of primed and control seeds imbibed for 6 hours was not significantly different.