《臺灣民報》的報導取材與新聞採訪：以黃旺成的記者生涯為例

Reporting Materials and News Interviews of The Taiwan Minpao: Journalist Career of Ng Ong-seng

本文旨在以黃旺成的記者生涯為案例，從他參與及觀察《臺灣民報》的組織運作與經營發展之過程，探討這份脫胎於反殖民運動的報刊，所兼具反殖民意識、近代報刊與殖民地性格之三重特性的意涵，以及報刊文本生產和傳播的機制。《臺灣民報》具備的反殖民意識，雖令其經營會隨著運動的榮衰而起落，然而運動的關鍵性挫敗有時反成報刊得以存續的契機，諸如臺灣文化協會分裂與臺灣民眾黨被迫解散，實為獲得總督府許可移臺發行與發行日刊的機緣。又隨著運動過程累積的經驗與人脈，而得以在不與總督府的條件妥協下，以純臺灣人資本的經營模式發行日刊。《臺灣民報》的近代報刊特性，即為了支應定期出版的「時間性」，而將出版模式制度化之「組織性」。黃旺成所具備的「學緣」關係、撰稿辦刊經驗和殖民地漢文的寫作能力，成為其被延攬入社的背景與條件，他也在社務的分工與調整下，經歷一段職位升遷與稿務倍增的過程。《臺灣民報》的殖民地性格，乃受限於殖民地的新聞專業化不足，及掌控檢閱權力的殖民政權對於新聞報導的干預。因而黃旺成只能透過自身摸索與累積經驗，建立出一套多元取材的管道，並在「新竹騷擾事件」後總督府對於採訪與報導處處設限的狀況下，企圖運用各種管道再現事件經過與審判過程，以發揮《臺灣民報》與殖民地社會緊密連結的「當代性」。 Through tracing the journalist career of Ng Ong-seng and his participation in and observation for the operations and developments of The Taiwan Minpao, this articles explores the meaning of such a press that was born out of anti-colonial movements. The Taiwan Minpao had three characteristics: anti-colonial consciousness, modern press and colonial nature. Mechanisms behind the production and dissemination of reporting texts in The Taiwan Minpao are also discussed. Anti-colonial consciousness contained in The Taiwan Minpao had aligned the rise and fall in business of the publishing house with ups and downs of anti-colonial movements. Nevertheless, major setbacks of such movements sometimes became the turning points for survival of this colonial press. For example, the split of the Taiwanese Cultural Association and the forced disbandment of the Taiwanese People's Party accidentally contributed to the permission from the Taiwan Governor-General Office for The Taiwan Minpao to move back to Taiwan and to issue daily newspaper. With the accumulation of experiences and personal networks in the movements, The Taiwan Minpao need not compromise with the Governor-General Office and managed to issue daily newspaper with pure Taiwanese capital. As a modern press, The Taiwan Minpao institutionalized the publishing model as an organization to support the “timeliness” of regular publications. Ng Ong-seng had good network relationship through his education, rich experience in article writing and journal editing as well as high linguistic competence in colonial Hanwen, making him an attraction and asset. Division of work and adjustment in organization of the publishing house brought promotion opportunities and also increased responsibilities for Ng. Colonial nature of The Taiwan Minpao would imply deficiency in journalistic professionalism and interference in news reporting and censorship from the colonial regime. Therefore, Ng could only rely on his own explorations and experiences to establish multiple sources for reporting materials. Following the restrictions on interviewing and reporting imposed by the Governor-General Office in the aftermath of the Hsinchu Commotion Incident, Ng attempted to report on the process and trial of the incident from various sources, bringing into full play the “contemporary nature” that closely linked The Taiwan Minpao with colonial Taiwan.