聯合國公民與政治權利國際公約領域與司法管轄權限制之研究

Research on the Limitations of Territory and Jurisdiction under the United Nations International Convention on Civil and Political Rights

聯合國公民與政治權利國際公約(以下簡稱為「公約」)第二條第一項規定，締約當事國的責任限定在，「遵守締約當事國司法管轄權及在其領域內的個人」。上開公約的第一任擇議定書(以下簡稱為「議定書」)第一條規定，締約當事國的責任限定在「遵守其司法管轄權的個人」。本研究將考察公約與議定書的締約當事國義務在領域與司法管轄權上的限制。要言之，針對殖民地、領域外的國家責任、減少的領域內責任、關於第三者私人行為的國家責任、關於國際組織行為的國家責任、關於其他國家行為的責任各項論點進行考察後，提出結語。 Article 2 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of the United Nations (hereinaf ter referred to as the “Covenant”) stipulates that the responsibility of the contracting parties shall be limited to “compliance with the jurisdiction of the contracting parties and individuals in its territory”. Article 1 of the first Optional Protocol to the above-mentioned Covenant (hereinafter abbreviated as the ''Protocol'') stipulates that the responsibility of the contracting parties shall be limited to ''individuals who subject to their jurisdiction.'' This study will examine the restrictions on the areas and jurisdiction of contracting parties’ obligations under the Covenant and the Protocol. In brief, after examining the arguments of colonies, state responsibility outside the territory, reduced responsibility in the territory, state responsibility for third-party private conduct, state responsibility for the behavior of international organizations, responsibility for acts of other countries, concluding remarks will be raised.