從川普政府貿易政策看美日經貿關係互動（Examining the Interaction of US-Japan Trade Relations Through Trump Administration’s Trade Policy）

トランプ政権の貿易政策にみる日米経済貿易関係の相互作用

雖然川普「美國第一」貿易政策的基本性質與過去既定的美國貿易政策一致，但人們普遍認為這是非常規並具有爭議的，其透過單邊施加壓力與其他國家達成貿易協定的策略可能導致區域和全球貿易體系和規則遭到破壞。美日經濟關聯複雜，尤其在貿易議題立場明顯分歧。川普政府關心的是縮小每年高達700億美元的對日貿易逆差，要求日本調整汽車的非關稅壁壘，以及取消對美國牛肉的進口限制。日本國際安全保障上需要美國，在美國滿足日本的安保需求的同時，美國也會要求獲得日本經濟上的補償。日本作為美國亞太地區重要的盟友和貿易夥伴，美日之間緊密相連。然而，美國在川普貿易政策的主導之下退出TPP，使得日本與中國長期競合關係可能因此而趨向合作。美日之間新一輪的雙邊貿易談判充滿博弈。 Although the fundamental nature of Trump’s “America First” trade policy is consistent with the established US trade policy in the past, it has been commonly seen as unconventional and controversial. Its tactic of reaching trade agreements with other countries through the exertion of unilateral pressure could lead to the destruction of both regional and global trading systems and rules. The economic relation between the United States and Japan is a complex one, especially in the trading arena. As the U.S. fulfills Japan’s security needs, it demands an economic compensation from Japan in return. The Trump administration requests Japan for a reduction of the annual trade deficit of up to 70 billion U.S. dollars, adjustments to the protectionist policies implemented in the automobile industry, and the removal of import restrictions on U.S. beef. Japan has been an important ally and trading partner of the U.S. However, there is a propensity for Japan to collaborate more with its long-term-competitor China since the U. S. has withdrawn from the negotiations and the conclusions of the TPP. The upcoming trading negotiation on such matters is worth beholding.