底層男女情義的詠嘆調――沈從文〈丈夫〉與羅淑〈生人妻〉的比較分析

An aria about love and friendship between women and men at the bottom of society - Comparative analysis of “A Husband” by Shen Tsung-wen and “The Remarried Wife” by Lou Shu

沈從文的〈丈夫〉、羅淑的〈生人妻〉，均以夫妻患難之情作為小說主軸，在惡劣環境與人性糾結的框架內，凸顯小人物的真情本性。從表層上看，這兩篇一九三○年代發表的作品，似在挖掘社會瘡疤，有特殊的意識形態；但深入解析，可窺見其潛層結構實則均在標榜男女間的愛情與義理，是兩首異曲同調的鄉野戀歌。別有意趣的是，男性作家的沈從文描摹出偃蹇時理想妻子的典型，女性作家的羅淑則另類詮釋了一個賣妻者因愛而捨的悲情；探索兩位作者寫作時的背景，則又進一步印證：文學創作與作者的人生經驗、情感理念，往往是密不可分的。 The love and partnership between a husband and a wife during a tribulation period is the theme of both the novels “A Husband” (by Shen Tsung-wen) and “The Remarried Wife” (by Lou Shu). The stories show the true feelings and characters of little people, who are surrounded by miseries and limited due to the complexity of human nature. These two novels from the 1930s seem to base themselves on a specific ideology and try just to expose the misfortune of the society. However, a deeper look reveals the implicit emphasis on the love and friendship between men and women throughout both of them. In this way they can be considered as two different songs with the same melody. As a male writer Shen discribed the ideal wife type in his work; on the contrary, Lou, a female writer, gaved the sorrowfulness of a man who has traded his wife a unconventional meaning. Otherwise, the study of the backgrounds of these two writers provide further evidence that a literary work can seldom be isolated from the ideals and experiences of its own creator.