穆時英小說中的上海書寫初探

Introduction to Shanghai Writing in Mu Shiying's Novels

穆時英為新感覺派代表作家之一，穆氏小說集《南北極》與《公墓》風格差異甚大，然卻是同一時間的作品，應可作為鄉城之間的比較，進而突顯出上海的城市特徵。故本文將以這兩本小說集中的上海書寫為題，觀察1930年代中人與城市的互動。《南北極》一書中多描述鄰近上海的城鎮，生活於其中的人們，工作、人際關係與生活模式，受到上海都市化的影響而產生變化，使原本的信仰或認知慢慢崩解；《公墓》一書中則書寫都市中的燈紅酒綠，不論是高聳的建築、流行的舞廳、紊亂的男女關係，穆時英在小說中不斷地用食色堆疊出城都市進步、美好的假象，然而心靈方面卻無法跟著城市的進步而成長。食色的展演與空虛的心靈交錯，都顯示出穆時英無法追上都市進步腳步的慌張與惶恐。 As the one of the most representative writers of Neo-sensationalism, Mu Shiying creates novels with different styles to serve certain purposes. His two short story collections, Gong Mu(Cemetery) and Nan Bei Ji(Two Poles), were written at the same period but with distinct characteristics and this difference can serve as the comparison and contrast between cities and countries to further emphasize the features of Shanghai. Thus, this paper examines people's relationship and interaction with cities in 1930 by focusing on the writing of Shanghai in these two novels. Nan Bei Ji depicts the towns near Shanghai, describing how the people, jobs, interpersonal relationships and lifestyles are influenced by the urbanization of Shanghai City, which leads to a gradual breakdown of original knowledge system and belief. In Gong Mu, what is portrayed is the luxurious and mesmerizing city. Skyscrapers, popular ballrooms and confusing relationships as well as love affairs are all the indicators that Mu constantly piles up in this book to pinpoint that the city offers a kind of beautiful illusion of progress but fails to give the people living in this space progress in mentality as what it can grow physically. By interweaving consumption, sex as well as the void mentality, this work of Mu displays Mu's anxiety and fear of falling behind the development of the city.