賢治童話「滑床山之熊」之陌生化手法──以敘事者為中心

The Defamiliarization of 'the Bears in Mt. Nametoko': Centered on the Narrator

賢治童話「滑床山之熊」中的敘事者是特異且突出的，有關此點已有先行研究，然皆非由陌生化手法觀點論之。文學研究史上，首位提出文學性生成的原理且以學術方法深入探討的是俄國形式主義文學理論代表人物史克洛夫斯基（1893~1984），其革新的論述影響了後世的近現代文學理論甚鉅，其中的核心概念就是陌生化手法，簡言之，就是將慣性的僵化的日常語言，轉化為特異的有新鮮感的文學語言的手法。由於「滑床山之熊」中的敘事者之特異性或與陌生化手法相關，本文乃試圖援用陌生化手法的理論來探討「滑床山之熊」中特異的敘事者。 The narrator in the Miyazawa Kenji fairy tale ”The Bears in Mt. Nametoko” is strange and phenomenal, which has been previously observed; that is not done from the perspective of defamiliarization, though.In the history of literary research, Shklovsky (1893-1984), the Russian formalism icon figure, is the first person to put out the literature formation theory and make a deep academic study. His innovative assertion has significantly influenced neo-modern literary theories of later generations, the main idea of which is the method of defamiliarization. To put it briefly, defamiliarization is a way to change habitual and rigid everyday language into unusual and fresh literary speech.In this essay, the writer tries to approach the strange and phenomenal narrator with the method of defamiliarization.