国策会社台湾拓殖株式会社の創立と事業の展開–南支と南洋との関連を中心に–

國策會社台灣拓殖會社的成立與其事業之發展──以南支與南洋之關連為中心（The Establishment of Taiwan Development Company: Focus on its Businesses in Southern China and Southern Asia）

台灣總督府在統治台灣四十年後，於1935年10月召開了「始政四十週年台灣博覽會」與「台灣總督府熱帶產業調查會」。特別是在熱帶產業調查會中，台灣總督府提出了台灣拓殖株式會社成立法案，通過日本帝國議會的審議而正式成立。雖然有關此會社之最高負責人的任命權與島外事業的命令權需要拓務大臣的認可，但島內外事業的任命權與監督權皆為台灣總督府所有。這顯示出臺灣拓殖株式會社作為「國策會社」的重要性，也意味者總督府實質支配著該會社之所有事業。台灣拓殖株式會社的子公司福大公司在1937年於廈門、廣東成立分店，1939年隨著日軍佔領海南島，其事業也持續擴大。此外，台灣拓殖株式會社也同時在南洋地區（法領印度支那、泰國、荷蘭領東印度、菲律賓等地）展開各種事業，奠定了日本在南方事業之基礎。最後，台灣拓殖株式會社在台灣總督府的主導下，隨著日軍在南方戰場的擴大，著實發揮了「國策會社」支援戰爭的角色。 The author examines the process of Taiwan DevelopmentCompany’s(TDC) establishment, and also probes TaiwanGovernment-General ’s (TGG, Taiwan Sotokufu) intension of southernexpansion. Due to the 40th Anniversary of Taiwan Occupation, ResearchCommittee for Tropical Industries was held. It was a symbol thatappealed its importance as a colonial government to Japan government.Through the committee and Imperial Cabinet, TDC was set up as anational policy company in 1937. According to the laws of TDC, thepersonnel of top management and overseas businesses were belonged toMinister of Development, and the businesses in Taiwan were belonged toTGG. It shows TGG’s initiative in the process of TDC establishment.Moreover, the business territory of Taiwan was extended to overseas suchas Thailand, the Dutch East Indies and some places in Southern Asia.Among all, many ventures were established in Xiamen, Guangdong,Hainan Island in Southern China as well as in French Indo-china,Thailand, British Malay Peninsula, the Dutch East Indies and Philippine.Obviously, it shows that TDC constructed a base for southern expansionand the methods of cooperation, which had shifted from economy tomilitary as well.