手機用硬式方型鋰離子電池熱失控特性研究

Study on the Thermal Runaway of Hard Prismatic lithium-ion Batteries Used in Smart Phones

本研究利用密閉測試儀將智慧型手機用硬式方型鋰離子電池，充電至飽電狀態下加熱至過熱狀況，使鋰離子電池產生熱失控。使用蘋果的iPhone 5, iPhone 6, Samsung Note 3, Samsung S5四款手機用硬式方型鋰離子電池。失控最高溫度均超過電解液成份有機碳酸酯的自燃溫度（auto-ignition temperature, AIT）。Samsung S5的電池放熱起始溫度最低約在117℃。四種電池的最大升溫速率介於4,422至11,860℃min-1之間。Samsung Note 3的硬式方型鋰離子電池熱失控時表現出最嚴重的熱危害，最高溫度與最大升溫速率高達675.6℃ and 11,860.0℃min-1。 In this study, we demonstrate firstly the application of the confinement test to track the thermal runaway in hard prismatic lithium-ion batteries used in smart phones. Four kinds of hard prismatic lithium-ion batteries used in iPhone 5, iPhone 6, Samsung Note 3, and Samsung S5 at full-charged state have been studied. All the maximum temperatures within the batteries under thermal runaway exceed the auto-ignition temperature (AIT) of organic carbonates. Lithium-ion battery used in Samsung S5 shall carry the most unstable feature with an exothermic onset temperature as low as 117℃. Maximum self-heat rates are determined to be in the value from 2,736 to 11,860℃min-1. The battery used in Samsung Note 3 displays the worst case scenario by possessing the maximum temperature and maximum self-heat rate reach the extremity of 675.6℃ and 11,860.0℃min-1.