從小地主大佃農政策論承租農地對農地利用之影響

The Impact of Farmland Leasing on Farmland Utilization: Based on the ＂Small Landlords and Big Tenants＂ Program

綜觀臺灣農地政策60年之變遷過程，發現農地政策進行了幾次的調整及改革。其中1949年政府為解決農村社會中存在的生產意願低落情形，推動第一次農地改革，成功地「創設自耕農」激勵農民努力從事生產、改善農民生活。而現今農地政策已不再強調自有農地，係透過小地主大佃農政策，鼓勵以承租農地方式擴大農場經營規模。惟承租農地是否亦可激勵農民努力從事生產？承租農地與自有農地對農民從事農地利用之影響為何？為釐清上述議題，本文採取的研究方法，除了對相關文獻回顧整理外，並進行問卷及訪談調查。研究發現，小地主大佃農政策所鼓勵的承租農地，對農地利用有正面影響，且符合未來農民擴大農場經營規模之需求。此外，研究結論並針對目前小地主大佃農政策績效趨緩成長情形進行分析，並提出相關政策建議。 Looking back the agricultural land policies in Taiwan have been through several shifts and reforms during the past six decades. In 1949, to revitalize sluggish cultivation, the government undertook the first reform ＂create farmers own agricultural land＂ policies to motivate crop farming and improve farmers' lives. At present, however, the ＂Small Landlords and Big Tenants＂ program was rolled out to encourage landowners to lease fallow plots to help tenants farmers expand their business scale. But does this program help raise production and what are the subsequent impacts in terms of farmland utilization? In addition to a close review of archives, this thesis also surveyed and found the ＂Small Landlords and Big Tenants＂ program shows positive impacts on utilizing farmlands, and it satisfies the need for expanding farmers' business scale. In the end, this thesis analyzes the weak program performance and makes a number of recommendations to conclude.

Looking back the agricultural land policies in Taiwan have been through several shifts and reforms during the past six decades. In 1949, to revitalize sluggish cultivation, the government undertook the first reform ＂create farmers own agricultural land＂ policies to motivate crop farming and improve farmers' lives. At present, however, the ＂Small Landlords and Big Tenants＂ program was rolled out to encourage landowners to lease fallow plots to help tenants farmers expand their business scale. But does this program help raise production and what are the subsequent impacts in terms of farmland utilization? In addition to a close review of archives, this thesis also surveyed and found the ＂Small Landlords and Big Tenants＂ program shows positive impacts on utilizing farmlands, and it satisfies the need for expanding farmers' business scale. In the end, this thesis analyzes the weak program performance and makes a number of recommendations to conclude.