文獻文化學及其方法學省思——以四庫文化學為例

On Cultural Philology and Its Methodology: A Case Study of Cultural Siku Studies

四庫學發展至今，似仍缺乏應有的「理論自覺」和理論系統，這使四庫學研究仍處於一種相對疏慵的狀態。本文即基於此問題意識，順沿周積明先生四庫文化學的思路，在文獻文化學的總體範疇之觀照下，對四庫文化學再作一理論省思。第一節提出問題。第二節討論文獻文化學的可能性，其中先討論文化對文獻的制約性此一基本假定，及在此一基本假定下隱含的雙向詮釋進徑，再以四庫文化學為例，檢討其對文獻符碼詮釋功能與文化學理論的實際應用之忽略。第三節在理論省思的基礎上，反思四庫文化學研究的現狀與趨勢，先就學術史與思想史兩個深淺不同的層面分析四庫文化學在文化史研究上的廣度累積，再討論四庫文化學目前有逐漸轉向文化學研究的趨勢，但仍有待深入推進。第四節作結語。 Due to the absence of theoretical consciousness and a theoretical system, Siku studies 四庫學 have remained in a relatively scattered condition since first being proposed in the 1980s. Recognizing this problem, this article follows Zhou Jiming's 周積明 line of thinking on cultural Siku studies 四庫文化學 in order to carry out a theoretical reflection upon it under the scope of cultural philology 文獻文化學. Following the first part of the article, which introduces the issue, the second part discusses the possibility of a cultural philology in which the fundamental assumption is the conditionality of the cultural field to literature, which involves bi-directional interpretative access. The methodological neglect of the interpretive function of literary codes and the practical application of culturological theories is also discussed. Taking cultural Siku studies as an example, the third part of the article reflects on its status and trendlines, and analyzes its transverse accumulation of cultural history from the two different perspectives of academic history and the history of ideas. This is followed by a discussion of the gradual turn towards culturology, and the need for even further advance.

Due to the absence of theoretical consciousness and a theoretical system, Siku studies 四庫學 have remained in a relatively scattered condition since first being proposed in the 1980s. Recognizing this problem, this article follows Zhou Jiming's 周積明 line of thinking on cultural Siku studies 四庫文化學 in order to carry out a theoretical reflection upon it under the scope of cultural philology 文獻文化學. Following the first part of the article, which introduces the issue, the second part discusses the possibility of a cultural philology in which the fundamental assumption is the conditionality of the cultural field to literature, which involves bi-directional interpretative access. The methodological neglect of the interpretive function of literary codes and the practical application of culturological theories is also discussed. Taking cultural Siku studies as an example, the third part of the article reflects on its status and trendlines, and analyzes its transverse accumulation of cultural history from the two different perspectives of academic history and the history of ideas. This is followed by a discussion of the gradual turn towards culturology, and the need for even further advance.