從索緒爾語言學和維根斯坦後期哲學看政治學方法論的「轉向」契機

Reflecting the Methodological Predicaments in Political Science from the Perspectives of Post-Positivism and Discourse Language

1970 年代前後，西方曾有許多重大的學術知識「轉向」，旨在批判或修改邏輯實證論的基本結構。政治學界沒有抓好這個重要的轉折，故陷入方法論的困境，而無法調節學門內各領域的關連，形成「分桌吃飯」的局面。這個危機在冷戰驟然結束之時爆發，形成國關內部現實主義和建構主義的大論戰，其後又形成2001 年美國「政治學的改造運動」。然而，都未能有效地化解政治學內部長年積壓的矛盾。本文認為，索緒爾開啟的現代語言學概念，以及維根斯坦科學哲學後期的逆轉，共同奠定了一道更寬廣的轉向路徑，有助於政治科學擺脫困境、變得更完整周全。 According to the language concepts defined by Ferdinand De Saussureand the late philosophy created by Ludwig Wittgenstein, this article attemptsto point out a possible “turn” that may render the study of politics “anecumenical science of politics” upheld by Gregory Kasza in the Perestroikamovement of the discipline in 2001.

According to the language concepts defined by Ferdinand De Saussureand the late philosophy created by Ludwig Wittgenstein, this article attemptsto point out a possible “turn” that may render the study of politics “anecumenical science of politics” upheld by Gregory Kasza in the Perestroikamovement of the discipline in 2001.