北極冰融與中日韓三國的地緣政治競合

The Melting Arctic and Geopolitical Coopetition Between China, Japan and South Korea

氣候變遷改變了全球氣候，也改變了北極。北極受全球暖化影響快速冰融，改變了區域內外的國際關係。中日韓三國為爭取未來可能浮現的北極航運利益，以及北極豐富的石油、天然氣等自然資源，紛紛設法進入此一區域。三國同時採取多邊和雙邊外交，意圖強化在北極的影響力。目前為止，三國的北極政策各自為政，甚至相互競爭，很容易產生利益衝突；北極重要的戰略地位，也易引起軍事緊張。事實上，三國在北極有共同的利益，這些共同利益有可能促成三國間的合作。 Climate change has changed the Arctic. The Arctic ice is melting rapidlyas the result of global warming. It changed the international relationships ofthe region and beyond. To compete for emerging Arctic shipping routes andabundant oil, natural gas and other natural resources, China, Japan and SouthKorea have managed to get involved in this area. The three countries aretaking multilateral and bilateral diplomatic approaches simultaneously tostrengthen their influence in the Arctic. So far, the three countries are actingindependently, even to the extent of direct competition. The Arctic vitalgeostrategic position can easily lead to military tension. But as a matter offact, the three countries actually share common interests in the Arctic, whichcan bring cooperation instead.

Climate change has changed the Arctic. The Arctic ice is melting rapidlyas the result of global warming. It changed the international relationships ofthe region and beyond. To compete for emerging Arctic shipping routes andabundant oil, natural gas and other natural resources, China, Japan and SouthKorea have managed to get involved in this area. The three countries aretaking multilateral and bilateral diplomatic approaches simultaneously tostrengthen their influence in the Arctic. So far, the three countries are actingindependently, even to the extent of direct competition. The Arctic vitalgeostrategic position can easily lead to military tension. But as a matter offact, the three countries actually share common interests in the Arctic, whichcan bring cooperation instead.