乳製品中黃麴毒素之調查研究   全文下載

Survey of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination of Dairy Products in Taiwan

本研究以免疫親和性管柱萃取乳製品中之黃麴毒素M1，（以下簡稱AFM1），續以高效液相層析儀進行分析。結果對鮮乳、乳粉（含嬰兒奶粉）、優酪乳中AFM1，之最低偵測極限分別為0.002、0.02、0.005 ppb；於鮮乳中添加0.5及0.05ppb AFM1，之回收率分別為83.3 ± 2.9及89.5 ± 2.9%.於優酪乳中添加0.5及0.05ppb AFM1，之回收率分別為99.9 ± 1.4及94.8 ± 3.2%，於乳粉添加5及0.5ppb之回收率則分別為86.0 ± 1.9及88.7 ± 1.9%。以此方法參加優酪乳中AFM1含量之國際精準度試驗，經評定獲滿意結果。續於九十一年六月至八月間，由台灣地區23個縣市衛生局共同抽送鮮乳44件、奶粉24件、嬰兒奶粉21件及優酪乳24件總計113件乳製品至本局檢驗。結果44件鮮乳中檢出40件（90.9%）含有AFM1，其中39件皆低於0.05 ppb，僅檢出1件為於0.05ppb為0.083ppb。於24件乳粉及21件嬰兒奶粉中均未檢出。於24件優酪乳樣品中則檢出3件（12.5%），檢出量分別為0.007、0.009、0.044 ppb。依據我國食品中黃麴毒素限量標準之規定，鮮乳及乳粉中之AFM1，含量分別不得超過0.5及5 ppb，故本調查所有樣品均符合規定。

Owing to their nutritional value, dairy products were popular in Taiwan. Aflatoxin M1(AFM1) was the metabolite of potential carcinogen aflatoxin B1 and found in dairy products. An analytical method using immunoaffinty column for extraction and HPLC for quantification was developed for AFM1. The detection limits for fresh milk (pasteurized milk), milk powder and drinking yogurt (0.002, 0.02 and 0.005 ppb, respectively) were 10 times lower than that in the former survey. The recoveries of AFM1 from fresh milk were 83.3 ± 2.9 and 89.5 ± 2.9% at 0.5 and 0.05 ppb spiked levels, respectively. Spiked 5 and 0.5 ppb AFM1 in milk powder, the recoveries were 86.0 ± 1.9 and 88.7 ± 1.9%, respectively. The recoveries of AFM1 from drinking yogurt were 99.9 ± 1.4 and 94.8 ± 3.2% at 0.5 and 0.05 ppb spiked levels, respectively. It was the first time AFM1 was tested in drinking yogurt in Taiwan in this survey, and the performance for detecting AFM1 in drinking yogurt was also evaluated through attending an international proficiency test. Our laboratory got a satisfactory result. In order to survey AFM1 contents in dairy products, 44 samples of fresh milk, 45 samples of milk powder and 24 samples of drinking yogurt were collected from supermarkets, convenience stores and drug stores located in 23 counties of Taiwan from June to August, 2002. The results showed that AFM1 was detected in 40 samples of fresh milk at 0.002~0.083 ppb level. AFM1 was not found in all milk powders. AFM1 was detected in 3 samples of drinking yogurt, at the level of 0.007, 0.009 and 0.044 ppb. According to the food sanitary standard regulation in Taiwan, the action levels of AFM1 were 0.5 ppb, 5 ppb and notdetectable for fresh milk, milk powder and infant formula products, respectively. The 113 samples collected in this survey all met the regulation requirements. 本研究以免疫親和性管柱萃取乳製品中之黃麴毒素M1，（以下簡稱AFM1），續以高效液相層析儀進行分析。結果對鮮乳、乳粉（含嬰兒奶粉）、優酪乳中AFM1，之最低偵測極限分別為0.002、0.02、0.005 ppb；於鮮乳中添加0.5及0.05ppb AFM1，之回收率分別為83.3 ± 2.9及89.5 ± 2.9%.於優酪乳中添加0.5及0.05ppb AFM1，之回收率分別為99.9 ± 1.4及94.8 ± 3.2%，於乳粉添加5及0.5ppb之回收率則分別為86.0 ± 1.9及88.7 ± 1.9%。以此方法參加優酪乳中AFM1含量之國際精準度試驗，經評定獲滿意結果。續於九十一年六月至八月間，由台灣地區23個縣市衛生局共同抽送鮮乳44件、奶粉24件、嬰兒奶粉21件及優酪乳24件總計113件乳製品至本局檢驗。結果44件鮮乳中檢出40件（90.9%）含有AFM1，其中39件皆低於0.05 ppb，僅檢出1件為於0.05ppb為0.083ppb。於24件乳粉及21件嬰兒奶粉中均未檢出。於24件優酪乳樣品中則檢出3件（12.5%），檢出量分別為0.007、0.009、0.044 ppb。依據我國食品中黃麴毒素限量標準之規定，鮮乳及乳粉中之AFM1，含量分別不得超過0.5及5 ppb，故本調查所有樣品均符合規定。