維生素E快速檢測法及其在食品上應用之研究   全文下載

Studies of Rapid Determination of Vitamin E and Its Application on Natural Foodstuffs

本研究之目的在於確立一套迅速簡便，靈敏正確之維生素E檢測法，同時利用此法分析臺灣產常用食物之維生素E含量。I. 生育醇檢測方法之確立：實驗中供分析的維生素E標準樣品為α- , β-, γ-, δ-生育醇。利用順相型高效液相層析法（HPLC）分析各生育醇時，分析週期迅速簡短，僅費20分，分離效果、再現性及回收率皆很好，層析波峰面積與注入樣品濃度亦呈現線性關係，因此確立做為食品中生育醇含量之分析方法，分析條件如下，管柱：Develosil SI 60 - 5（4.6 × 250mm），沖提液：n - hexane ： dioxane ： ethanol （958： 40： 2, v／v／v），流速：1.0ml／min，偵測器：UV 298nm。II. 臺灣產常用食品中生育醇之含量分析：利用上述檢測法分析的樣品包括48種臺灣產常用食品及5種含天然維生素E之錠劑產品。各種食品中以油脂類，乾豆種子及堅實類，小麥胚芽，烏龍茶及芡實之生育醇含量較高。油脂中α- 生育醇含量較高的為葵花油，黃豆油，棕櫚油及花生油，γ- 生育醇含量較高的為黃豆油，芝麻油及花生油。乾豆種子及堅實類食品中以花生，芝麻，黃豆，黑豆含量較高。穀物類食品中除小麥胚芽富含生育醇外，其餘樣品含量皆不豐。烏龍茶及芡實含多量生育醇，前者為α-46.2，γ-生育醇4.7mg／100g，後者為α-41. 6，β-18.1，γ-3.4及δ-生育醇4.8mg／100g，包括家畜家禽類，蛋與乳類，水產食品類等動物性食品中大多僅含微量α-生育醇，而且製成的加工食品中生育醇的含量更少。調查市售含天然維生素E錠劑之生育醇含量時，維生素E錠劑所含生育醇之維生素E效力為14.3 - 15.9mg／100g，卵磷脂錠劑為5.2, 5.9mg／100g。"

The purpose of this study is to establish a rapid and exact method for the determination of tocopherols, and to estimate the tocopherol contents of common foods in Taiwan by the established method. I. Establishment of tocopherol analysis The analytical methods of tocopherols , including spectrophotometry, thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography( HPLC), were evaluated. The tocopherol standards included α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherol. Among these methods, the normal phase HPLC performed by the conditions as follows: column, Develosil SI60-5 ( 4.6 × 250mm); eluent, n-hexane: dioxane: ethanol (958:40:2, v/v/v) flow rate, 1ml/min: detector, UV 298nm was ths best one for the tocopherol determination because of its good calibration, reproducibility, resolution and short time analysis. II. Quantitative detem1ination of tocopherols in foods The investigated food materials included 48 common food samples in Taiwan and 5 capsule samples containing natural vitamin E. The food material was saponified with potassium hydroxide, then extracted with n-hexane and concentrated under nitrogen gas. The residue, dissolved in n-hexane to adjust an appropriate concentration, was prepared for the HPLC analysis. The sample was examined for the contents of α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherol, and therefore the vitamin E potency could be calculated. Among these food samples, oils, legumes seeds, nuts , wheat germ , Oolong tea and Chiann-Shyr (seeds of Euryale ferox Salisb.) showed a high tocopherol content. The foods showing a high a-tocopherol content were Oolong tea 46.2, Chiann-Shyr 41.6, sunflower oil 27.2, wheat germ, peanut 11.2, soybeanoil 10.2, palm oil 8.5 and peanut oil 5.8mg/100g. The foods with a high content of γ-tocopherol were soybean oil 78. 5, sesame oil 43.2, sesame seed 22.7, soybe.an 12.5, black bean 12.2 and peanut 7.2mg/100g. The contents of β-tocopherol on Chiann-Shyr and wheat germ were 18.1 and 9.8mg/100g. The vitamin E potency in the capsules of vitamine E and lecithin was 14.3-15.9, or 5.2-5.9mg/100g respectively.