地方立法特色的缺失及其規制——以地方立法“抄襲”為視角

The Lack and the Solution of Distinguishing Features in Local Legislation–the Plagiarizing in Local Legislation

目前我國地方立法缺乏特色，存在較為普遍的立法''抄襲''現象。出現這一現象一方面是由於中央與各級地方立法權限劃分不明晰，使地方立法創新風險不可測;地方自治程度低，使得立法創新的空間、需求和資源不足;公眾參與未常態化，導致地方立法的信息獲取優勢難施展等原因使地方立法難以發揮因地制宜的優勢。另一方面，對立法活動行政化管理的思路和立法質量本身難以判斷、追責的特性，又導致地方立法機關把立法數量當作政績，最終導致地方立法的非理性膨脹。而解決該問題的穩健且可行的切入口則要從立法自身規律出發，建構更為科學、細致的立法程序。

China’s local legislation is in extreme lack of distinguishing features,and plagiarizing is a typical phenomenon.Because the division between central and local legislation’s extents of power is ambiguous,local legislation’s risk of innovation is unpredictable.Local legislation also lacks autonomy,therefore the room,need and resource for innovation are not enough.Citizens’participation is not sufficient enough,so the local legislative’s ability of gathering local information is not advantageous.Furthermore,because the management of legislative activities is administrative and the quality of laws is difficult to measure,local govern ment values the quantity of laws as rather than the quality.The solution of this problem is to start from the principles of law,and to refine and institutionalize the legislative procedure.