遏制“港獨”之立法構想

Legislative Design of Regulating the So-called Hong Kong’s Separatist Activities

香港回歸以來，''港獨''之聲不絕於耳。本文首先立足於刑法解釋學的視角，討論''港獨''行為的具體形態和違法性。''港獨''行為有多種表現方式，其共同特征是主張廢除香港《基本法》，推翻中央人民政府的統治，意圖''香港獨立''，將香港從中華人民共和國的版圖中分離出去。此類''港獨''主張不屬於受法律保護的言論自由，而是分裂國家的行為，是嚴重的違法犯罪行為，不僅明確違反了《憲法》與《基本法》的規定，也構成了香港本地《刑事罪行條例》的煽動罪和意圖叛逆罪。層出不窮的''港獨''活動使香港經濟和社會秩序不斷受創，但由於缺乏相應的國家安全立法，''分裂主義者''至今仍未受到法律制裁，因此，《基本法》第23條的相應國家安全立法具有必要性和合理性，應當盡早提上日程。在汲取23條立法失敗的經驗的基礎上，本文從立法內容、立法程序、社會參與等角度提出了遏制''港獨''的具體立法構想。

After the reunification of Hong Kong,the voice of''splitting Hong Kong from China''has been continuously heard.Based on the perspective of criminal law hermeneutics,this paper discusses the specific forms and illegality of Hong Kong’s separatist activities.Hong Kong’s separatist activities has a variety of performance,its common feature is to abolish the Basic Law of Hong Kong and to overthrow the reign of People’s Republic of China.They are eager for''the independence of Hong Kong'',which means getting separated from the territory of People’s Republic of China.Such advocations are certainly not part of the legal protection of freedom of speech,but the behavior of division of state,what’s more,it is a serious criminal behavior.It is not only a definite violation of the provisions of the Constitution Law and the Basic Law,but also constitutes the crime of inciting and intentional treason in local criminal regulations.Endless Hong Kong’s separatist activities undermine Hong Kong’s economic and social order,however,because of the lack of appropriate national security legislation,separatist has not yet been sanctioned by law.Therefore,the corresponding national security legislation of Article 23 of the Basic Law should be put on the agenda as soon as possible.On the basis of absorbing the experience of legislative failure of Article 23,this paper puts forward the legislation design from the perspectives of legislative content,legislative procedure and social participation.