從起始到二十世紀初：越南接受儒教的幾個特點

The Reception of Confucianism in Vietnam: From Early Times to the early of 20th Century

在資料缺乏而複雜的條件下，研究越南人上千年來如何接受儒教的過程中，是一個龐大的問題，本文僅提出一些拋磚引玉的意見，粗略描繪越南人接受儒教過程中的一些特點。文中所述內容僅帶有提綱、概要介紹的性質。這些看法還有待更詳盡的論證，對相關資料進行更詳細地分析。本文僅限於談論越南人從中國接受儒教的特點，而不是所有傳播（以中方為主體）和接受（以越南為主體）過程的所有複雜內容，儘管這兩個過程是一體兩面。本文雖沒有企圖談論越南所有的儒教特點，但可以肯定的是：越南儒教史是傳播和接受過程的歷史，同時也是本土化過程，運用政治思想和儒家道德來解決越南實際問題過程的歷史。本文的論旨是：儒教在越南的傳播和接受過程是如何進行？它具有哪些特點？有哪些值得注意以及有何需要闡明？由此窺出其中的深層次意義和多元的內容。

This article provides a new perspective and approaches to study thereception of Confucianism in Vietnam from the early Vietnamese kingdoms tothe early 20th century. An overall lack of materials coupled with the complexityof available sources complicates efforts to study the historical process in whichConfucianism was incorporated into Vietnamese society, spanning thousands ofyears. This article can only offer a brief outline of the process of reception, but itis unable to provide a detailed picture of Vietnamese Confucianism. Rather thandepicting the full picture of the propagation (centered on the Chineseperspective) or the reception (centered on the Vietnamese perspective) ofConfucianism, this article will focus on discussing only some aspects of thereception of Confucianism in Vietnam under the influence of Chinese culture.This article also avoids general discussions of Vietnamese Confucianism. Instead,it focuses on the process of incorporating Confucianism into Vietnamese societyand culture. It attempts to identify the hidden and complex aspects of thisprocess. I argue that the history of Confucianism in Vietnamese can beunderstood as a process of propagation and reception, localization, and anapplication of political thought and Confucian ethical concepts to solve actualproblems in Vietnamese people’s everyday life.