自由主義亞太區域秩序與日本外交：平川幸子－－33照亮東協共同體和台灣（A Liberal Asia-Pacific Regional Order and Japan’s Diplomacy: More Light on the ASEAN Community and Taiwan）

リベラルなアジア太平洋地域秩序と日本外交：ASEAN 共同体と台湾に光を

本文透過對於中國、日本、東協所提倡的「安全保障觀」之歷史演變及其交集進行論述，旨在探討二戰後的亞太區域秩序。「安全保障觀」此一概念，除了涵蓋軍事層面的安全保障之外，更擴及了政治體制、經濟社會、人權等範圍。且基於保護的對象，可分為「國家」、「區域」及「人類」三個層次。根據觀察，於冷戰結束後的約20年間，冷戰時期分散的安全保障觀是重疊且具協調性的。然而，在2010年以後，前述的安全保障觀卻出現潛在的衝突與對立之情況。主要原因為中國在「總體國家安全觀」之概念下，將傳統、非傳統，國內外所有的安全保障政策整合在一起。另一方面，日本相較於傳統所強調的「國家」，一直以來更著重於倡議與實踐旨在保護「區域」及「人類」之自由主義式安全保障觀。對於「和平主義通商國家」的戰後日本而言，建構人人能夠安心活動、自由且開放性的區域為國家之利益。在摒除「國家」間的界線，促進人與人之間的關係，和區域合作之下，日本在亞太地區存在著有如東協共同體或台灣這樣的非國家行為者重要夥伴。這也是個象徵區域整體自由秩序與價值的事實，而日本應重視東協共同體與台灣，並更進一步加強合作。

This article discusses the characteristics of the postwar Asia–Pacificregional order by examining the historical evolution of the ‘securityconcepts’ advocated by China, Japan and ASEAN respectively. Beyond thelevel of traditional military security, the scope of these new concepts hasexpanded to encompass political systems, the economy and society, andhuman rights. As a result, these new security concepts are multi-level,incorporating state security, regional security, and individual security.Although the two decades following the end of the Cold War saw positiveoverlap and convergence of these three ‘security concepts’, since 2010various sources of potential tension have emerged, threatening regionalstability. This is mainly due to the assimilation of traditional, non-traditional,domestic and international security policies under China’s new concept of‘overall national security’, which is at oddes with security concepts advancedby Japan and ASEAN. The ASEAN Community and Taiwan, two vibrantnon-state actors, are symbols and evidence of the liberal and open regionalorder led by Japan in the postwar era. This article explains Japan’s long-termstrategic support for the realization of an ASEAN Community based onshared values of democracy, human rights, and rule of law, as well as Japan’sconsistent efforts to strengthen substantive personal relations with Taiwan. Itconcludes that a stable future for Japan is only possible through strong tieswith ASEAN and Taiwan.