主流語言場域因素於華語閱讀歷程中的作用

The Factor of Dominate Language Context on Reading Process in Chinese as a Second Language

本研究依循研究者於 2009 年所設計的華語廣告招牌閱讀測試模式，探究十位研究受試者的華語閱讀理解歷程。研究目的在於檢視主流語言場域因素於華語閱讀理解中所扮演的角色，以及其對於讀者在華語廣告招牌閱讀策略選擇上的影響。在實驗設計上，本研究分為日籍學生組與女性移民組。進行方式是讓每一位受試者在閱讀完語料後，隨即說出其意義理解與策略運用的過程；而在全部語料施測完成之後，研究者即進行隨機訪談。在資料分析部分，研究者先編碼及歸納十位受試者的閱讀理解紀錄，而後交叉分析主流語言場域因素於這兩組之閱讀理解及策略選擇上所產生的作用。本研究發現，兩組的研究受試者在閱讀華語廣告招牌時，都會同時採取多種的閱讀策略及線索知識以幫助其理解及建構意義；但兩組主要的閱讀理解差異在於：當語料內容呈現較多的本土語言及文化概念時，女性移民組的閱讀理解率明顯的高於日籍學生組。針對此類差異，研究者認為，與華語在女性移民組中的生活功能與角色有顯著相關。因此，本研究建議，當前華語閱讀本體研究及教學應用的重心，除了仍須致力於策略與教學法層面的發展外，亦有必要詳加探討華語閱讀者的日常主流語言使用場域因素在其華語閱讀理解歷程中的動態影響。

This study follows the researcher’s reading model on Chinese advertisement boards designed in 2009. Based on this model, 10 participants were tested to understand their CSL (Chinese as a second language) reading comprehension. The research purpose aimed to examine how the factor of dominate language context influences readers’ CSL reading comprehension and selection of reading strategies when reading Chinese advertisement boards.This study is composed of two groups, who are Japanese students and female immigrants. Every participant was required to talk about his/her reading comprehension and selection of reading strategies after reading the language materials. Based on the need of data collection, participants were also interviewed. The researcher then decoded and categorized their reading records and did a cross-comparison of how the dominate language context influences two groups’ reading comprehension and selection in reading strategies.The researcher found that when they read the Chinese advertisement boards, both groups would apply multiple strategies and cues knowledge to help them comprehend and construct meaning from reading. However, the major difference of reading miscue between two groups was: when the materials contain more ideas related to local languages and cultures, the female immigrant group performed much better than Japanese student group on reading comprehension. The reason was greatly related to the role and function of Chinese in the female immigrant group’s daily life. Therefore, this study suggested that except for the traditional focus on reading strategies and teaching methods, the present researchers of reading should put more effort on examination of how a reader’s context of dominate language use in the daily life influences his/her dynamic CSL reading process.