高攀龍之《論語》詮解

The Interpretation of “The Analects of Confucius”by Gau Pan Long

東林書院以說解四書為主要的講學內容，高攀龍之《論語》講義仍保存至今，相當珍貴。本文首先說明高攀龍《論語》詮解中，關於性體本來圓滿自足的涵義，與消除妄念之方法，其次分別探討「學」與「敬」的意義，以及「克己復禮」之解釋，最後作一整體性的評價。高攀龍之《論語》詮解，與其復性的觀念有密切的關係，也有濃厚的矯正當時學風之用意，在晚明有特殊的背景與目的。因時空改變之關係，今日未得到充分的注意。本文試說明其理論依據，以了解其說在歷史上的重要地位。

The major activity of Dung Lin Academy was to discuss and evaluate Four Books. Gau Pan Long's lectures on “The Analects of Confucius” which are truly precious are well-preserved even today. “The revival of human nature” is Gau's cardinal conception in his philosophical theory. Therefore, from such a viewpoint, the theme in this study is to research the methodology and effects of Gau's interpretation as applied in the lectures. This study starts to discuss Gau's concept of human nature and how to quench unjust desires. Afterwards, the study intends to explore his interpretations on the concepts of “learning”, “devoutness”, “to overcome selfishness and to revive the rituals” respectively, and finally make a comprehensive evaluation so as to grasp its impact at that time. In general, Gau's commentary had profound background and objectives in the late Ming, but with the change of time, it is not fully mentioned nowadays. This study is meant to point out Gau's theoretical basis and spiritual characteristics, in order to understand its significant standing in history.