明代《金瓶梅》傳播研究——以抄本傳播、商業傳播為考察範圍

Jing Ping Mei Communication studies in Ming: Investigate the Handwritten Copy Communication and the Business Communication

《金瓶梅》在明際長達二十年以抄本流傳，文人史料有載，歷來學者多據以考證作者及成書年代。《金瓶梅》的明刻本存世並不多，更有一部份典藏在日本，中日學者對於刻本的版式也有相當深入的研究。本文立基在部分學者考證的成果上，經由文獻探討抄本傳播的過程，並藉由明代印刷業的出版背景，勾勒《金瓶梅》刻本在明代的商業傳播面貌。《金瓶梅》的抄本遲遲 未刊刻，此和當時的出版取向相關，因《金瓶梅》抄本的流傳時間正是神魔小說和公案小說大量刊刻的時候。《金瓶梅》經歷二十多年的傳抄後，最後在萬曆末年以明代第一本長篇世情小說被刊刻於世。刻本問世後，於明末相繼出現續書、評點及說唱，這些皆成為清代《金瓶梅》傳播的基本模式。

Up to two decades, Jing ping mei was spread by handwritten copy in Ming society, and it was written in literary history, the scholars observed on book author and writing time. There are few Ming block-printed books of Jing ping mei , and a few books are collected in Japan, Chinese and Japanese scholars have been researching deeply into the edition format. In this study, according to the previous research of some scholars, to analysis the communication of handwritten copy of Jing Ping Mei, and research Ming copy business background, to explain the communication of Ming block-printed book. Because of the ghost Stories and detective Stories publishing time, Jing Ping Mei was handwritten-copy between the Chinese literati. It’s the reason that why Jing Ping Mei was so late published. After twenty years handwritten-copy, Jing Ping mei was published which the first social novel in the Ming Dynasty, and then there were criticized books, the sequel to the novel and musical performance also had appeared. These all become the basic pattern of Jing ping mei spread in Qing dynasty.