劉知幾的史學觀與經學觀

Liou-Jy-Ji's views of historiography and classic

劉知幾的《史通》全書在評論以前各種史書的優劣得失，並創造史家所應遵循的原則與要求，因此是古代重要的史部典籍之一。然而，其中的經學思想也為後代所注重。在知幾之前，敢以理性的態度對經書進行大膽而尖銳的批評，以東漢王充的「疾虛妄」最為著名，但卻沒有對史學或經學立下任何原則。知幾則不同，雖然同樣從理性的角度出發，但是不僅替史學原則樹立典範，更從自己所建立的方法來看待經書、批評經書。也因此引起後代學者的多方討論。這篇文章則從《史通》為原點，來探究知幾的史學原則與其原則下的經學觀。

Liou-Jy-Ji's ”Shy Tong” whole book commenting on the good and bad views of various historical records, and also created the historian should follow of principle and request. So, It is one of the consequently ancient important historical work. However, Among them, the classic thought is also paid attention to by posterity. Before Jy-Ji, with the attitude of the braveness and the reasonableness to classic carry on bold critique, ”hate bitterly dishonest and absurd gossip” most is well-known of Wang Chong in East Han Dynasty, but didn't signed any principle to historiography or classic. But Jy-Ji is different, although from the same reasonableness of the angle set out, but not only set up a model for the historiography principle, but also treat Confucian classics and criticize Confucian classics from the method created by himself. Consequently cause the posterity scholar's discussion. This article with ”Shy Tong” is starting point, to analyze Jy-Ji's historiography principles and his classic standpoint under historiography principle.