公安三袁思想受焦竑影響及異同探析

San Yuan’s theory influence on Chiao Hung and the analysis of its difference

明中葉後，經濟繁榮，新興市民階層產生，心學繁盛發展。「心學」注重個體精神，其特徵是標舉自然人性，抨擊內聖之學的絕對主義。而泰州學派崛起於民間，王艮、顏鈞、羅汝芳、李贄等前仆後繼，鼓吹具有「異端」特色的平民儒學思潮。而焦竑就是這思潮發展過程中的重要人物。他是明代著名思想家、文學家、藏書家。他也是三袁接受「心性之學」的管道之一，對公安三袁產生過重大影響。三袁視其為師，對公安派的文學理論發展有直接的影響。一般學者大多探討李贄對三袁的影響，但促成二者產生關聯的重要人物－－焦竑，卻很少人去研究。現將焦竑的師承與泰州學派的關係，和三袁與焦竑相識到接受「心學」的途徑、文學理論形成的原因及影響力詳細述說，並將焦竑與三袁之相同、相異點做比較，已釐清二者之關係。

Chiao Hung is a well-known thinker, writer and collector in the Ming Dynasty. He is also the key person that made San Yuan accept the Theory of Nature. Chiao influenced San Yuan so much that they considered him their teacher. His thinking had the direct influence on the development of literature theories of Public security men's sect ”The Theory of Personality”. Most scholars rarely studied the influence of Li Gi on Three Yuan, but on Chiao Hung, the very important person who made them connected. Now I'm presenting you the process of Three Yuan accepting the Theory of Nature, and the cause and fluence of literature theory formation. Finally, I would like to make some comparisons between Chiao Hung' theory and Three Yuan' theory, including their similarities and differences.