新獲得地方立法權的市提高立法品質探析———以河源市立法工作實踐為視角

On the Improvement of Legislation Quality in the City with New Local Legislation —From the Perspective of the Practice of Legislation in Heyuan

2015年3月15日《中華人民共和國立法法》做出修改，賦予了所有設區的市地方立法權。在設區的市全面進入地方立法之際，面對行使地方立法權的新機遇、新挑戰，如何走好立法起步階段，提高地方立法品質，立良法、出精品，是新獲得地方立法權的市立法人首要思考的問題。筆者結合河源市立法實踐，剖析當前新獲得地方立法權的市主要面臨的立法權限不夠清晰、利益不夠明細、協調不夠完善、立法積極性不夠平衡等難題，借鑒國內外地方立法做法進行比較研究，進而提出提高地方立法品質的三個“注重”：注重精細化立法，堅持“慎出”與“細作”原則，努力打造立法精品；注重專業化立法，培養專業化立法隊伍，積極借助“外腦”，發揮各類社會專業力量的優勢；注重實效性立法，著眼於解決實際問題，增強地方性法規的操作性，不斷提高地方立法的公眾參與度，開展對地方性法規的評估，切實增強新獲得地方立法權的市的法規實效。通過推進精細化立法、專業化立法、實效性立法，讓設區的市立法工作站上新高度，為推動“全面依法治國”奠定堅實基礎，為推進國家治理體系和治理能力現代化偉大事業提供良好的法治保障。

In March 15, 2015, the amendment of the legislative law of the People’s Republic of China gave all the municipal legislative powers of the districts. In the face of new opportunities and new challenges in local legislation, how to take the legislative stage, to improve the local legislation quality and to establish good law, is the primary consideration of legislators new local legislative problems. Based on the practice of legislation and legislation in Heyuan, the author analyzes the problems that the newly acquired local legislative power encountered, such as unclear legislative authority, lack of detailed interests, inadequate coordination, and lack of balanced legislation. A comparative study of local and foreign legislative practices, then put forward the “three focus” to improve the local legislation quality: focus on the fine legislation, adhere to the “Prudent legislation” and “Meticulous legislation”, make great efforts to create the fine quality of legislation; focus on professional training and professional team of legislation, and taking advantage of the external wisdom to give full play to the advantages of all kinds of social professional forces; focus on effective legislation, focus on solving practical problems, enhance the operability of local laws and regulations, constantly improve the public participation in local legislation, to carry out the evaluation of local laws and regulations and to strengthen the actual effect of the municipal laws and regulations on the new local legislative power. Through the promotion of fine legislation, specialized legislation and effective legislation, a new height of the municipal legislative workstation of the district is made, to lay a solid foundation for promoting the “rule of law in a comprehensive way”, provides a good guarantee for the rule of law to promote the great cause of the modernization of national governance and the modernization of governance.