立法後評估的近視與遠觀：實踐問題與理論反思——以《甘肅省地質環境保護條例》立法後評估為例

Observation on Legal Post-evaluation : Practice Issues and Theoretic Rethinking —Taking Geological Environment Protection Act of GanSu Province as Example

通過對《甘肅省地質環境保護條例》立法後評估文本的分析，檢討該立法後評估中存在的評估基本資料收集困難、評估標準無所適用、評估方法依據和評估後回應機制缺失等不足。透過個案尋找、理性審視現行立法後評估的不足及理論研究存在的問題，提出如下建議：其一，在評估模式上以專家主導立法後評估為主，對立法後評估的啟動主體、啟動程式和啟動機制等進行立法規範，同時進一步建立立法資訊公開制度和立法後評估責任制度等立法後評估配套制度；其二，在評估目標的確定上至少需要考慮被評估的法律法規的合法性與合理性如何、被評估的法律法規的實施品質和存在的問題是什麼、本次評估對該法律法規的立改廢是否提供了決策依據等三個方面；其三，正確運用定量分析方法增加立法後評估所追求的績效資訊或績效結論的“信度”和“效度”。為助益於我國常態化立法後評估制度的建立，呼籲對立法後評估這樣重大的理論問題研究應力戒表面化、空洞化、泛概念化。

Through analysis to legal post-evaluation of GanSu geological environment protection act, the article finds difficulties in efficiencies of data collecting difficulty, confusion in evaluation standard, lacking of methods basis and reaction system. Rethinking deficiencies of post-evaluation nowadays according to the special case, the article suggested as following: First, establishing experts leading valuating mode, regulating subjects, procedures, starting system with law and establishing legislation message opening system and responsibility system of post-evaluation as well. Second, thinking of more than three things when determining the objects of post-evaluation. Those are legality and reasonability of the act, quality and problem of the act, and the policy basis of making or revising of the act. Last, quantitative analysis of legal post-evaluation must be given much attention to make the act more efficient. Beneficial to formal legal post-evaluation system, study on legal post-evaluation should not be on the surface, hollowing out and extensive conceptualization.