推進設區的市行使地方立法權情況分析

An Analysis of the Exercising of Local Legislative Power by Districted Cities

為落實黨的十八屆三中、四中全會決定提出的重大改革任務舉措，2015年3月，第十二屆全國人大第三次會議修改了《立法法》，賦予了所有設區的市地方立法權，具體步驟和時間由各省、自治區人大常委會確定。依法賦予設區的市地方立法權，是黨中央做出的重大決策，是我國立法體制的新發展，也是修改後的《立法法》實施的一個重點。《立法法》修改以來，全國人大常委會高度重視，將推進設區的市行使地方立法權作為重點工作；人大常委會法工委深入調研，積極指導；各省、自治區積極謀劃，穩步推進。目前，這項工作取得了實質性進展，98.5%的設區的市、自治州、不設區的地級市已經批准可以開始制定地方性法規，290多件地方性法規已經出臺。然而，與立法積極性高漲相對應，設區的市行使地方立法權也面臨著一些挑戰。

To enforce the significant reform tasks proposed in Third and Fourth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee, in March, 2015, the 3rd Session of 12th National People's Congress modified the Legislation Law of PRC, conferred the local legislative power to districted cities of which the steps and time shall be further determined by the Standing Committee of People's Congress in each province and autonomous region respectively. Conferring the local legislative power to districted cities is an important decision made by the Party Central Committee, a new development of legislation system in China, and the priority of implementation on the Legislation Law after its amendment. Since the amendment of the Legislative Law, the Standing Committee of National People's Congress pays high attention to promote the exercise of the local legislative power by districted cities; the Law Committee of Standing Committee conducts in-depth research and offers guidance actively; and each province and autonomous region make plans zealously and implement in prudent manner. At present, the promotion has made substantial progress. 98. 5% of the districted cities, autonomous prefectures and secondary cities without districts have approved the initiation of making the local regulations and rules, and 290 regulations and rules have been enacted. In contrast to the enthusiasm for law-making, districted cities also confront some challenges at the same time.