設區的市提升立法質量的路徑

On the Path of Improving the Quality of Local Legislation by Districted Cities

《立法法》修改後，各設區的市在較短的時間內陸續啟動了地方立法工作，帶來了我國立法工作格局和社會主義法律體系的新變化。然而，設區的市地方立法工作畢竟剛剛起步，在提高立法質量方面仍然任重道遠，面臨著主觀客觀等因素的制約。其中，客觀方面的制約因素包括體制機制、人員編制等，而主觀方面主要是指立法工作者自身的素質、思路。對體制機制的完善需要經過複雜的程序和長期的醞釀，同時也是各種研究的熱點。相對而言，觀念的轉變更加靈活機動、便於施行，卻又未能得到足夠的重視。當前，設區的市立法工作普遍存在著立項方向把握不准、對量化分析方法運用不足、對技術性規範重視不夠等問題。而要解決好上述問題，就需要切實轉變立法工作的觀念和思路，把握好立項的方向，運用好量化分析方法，發揮技術性規範的作用，處理好嚴格與靈活的關係，增強民主立法的實效。

After the revision of the Legislation Law, most districted cities start the local legislation in a short time. Therefore, the pattern of legislation and the socialist legal system in China has been changing. Nevertheless, local legislation in districted cities has just started from scratch. It is an arduous task to improve the quality of legislation since there are some restrictions from both subjective and objective factors. Objective restriction factors include the system, mechanism, staffing and so on; whereas the subjective restriction factors mainly refer to the expertise and mentality of legislators themselves. The amelioration of the system and mechanism is a complicated long-term process. Meanwhile, it will be a hot research topic. Comparatively, the change of people's conceptions is more flexible and expedient, and can be more conveniently carried out, although it has not received enough attention. Currently, various problems exist in the legislation by districted cities, including poor handling of project orientations, insufficient quantitative analyzing, and insufficient emphasis on technical norms etc. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to make efforts to change the conceptions and mentalities associated with the legislation, master the orientation of projects, utilize various quantitative analyzing methods, exert the effects of technical norms, adjust the relationship between rigidity and flexibility, and enhance the democratic legislation.