委託協力廠商參與地方立法問題研究

A Study on Participation of Authorized Third Parties in Local Legislation

《中共中央關於全面推進依法治國若干重大問題的決定》提出健全立法機關主導、社會各方有序參與立法的途徑和方式，並探索委託第二方起草法律法規草案的立法途徑和方式。委託第二方參與地方立法具有必要性和可行性：現行地方立法工作機制存在不足，第三方參與地方立法具有專業性、中立性和群眾性等優勢。在委託第三方參與地方立法而產生的法律關係中，地方人大作為委託方應始終處於主導地位，受託方主要來自高等院校和科研機構、具備相關專業知識技能的社會組織和精通法律知識技能的社會組織，受託第三方應重視相關行政機關對地方立法的意見和建議，但可自主決定是否採納。建議進一步加強地方立法機關的主導作用，構建受託第三方的競爭和管理機制，訂立並嚴格遵守委託立法協議，通過財政保障第三方參與立法的經費。

The Decision of the Central Committee of the CCP on Major Issues of Comprehensively Promoting State Governance in Accordance with Law proposes many ways to involve social participants, particularly authorized third parties, in drafting laws and regulations under the leadership of the people's congress. Participation of authorized third parties in local legislation is both necessary and feasible since there is room for improvement in the current system of local legislation. The participation of authorized third party has the advantage of expertise, neutrality and a wider public base. Under this model, the local people's congress as the authority has the ultimate decision-making power. The third party, as experts from various academies, research institute and social organizations in relevant areas of social sciences and law, should not only listen to the relevant administration but also have autonomy to accept or reject their opinions. This paper recommends that the local people's congress should strengthen its leading role and create a management and competition mechanism for authorized third parties, strictly comply with agreements of authorized legislation, and provide guaranteed financial aid for authorized third parties.