上海市科技創新立法實證研究

An Empirical Study on Legislation of Science and Technology Innovation in Shanghai

科技創新政策是政府營造創新環境、引導科技創新的主要手段。本文聚焦於上海市科技創新政策，採取實證研究方法，收集檢索了1980年至2015年中央政府和上海市地方政策出臺的科技創新政策217份，以內容分析法為研究視角，量化評估政策主體、政策主題和政策作用面等相關內容，剖析制約本市科技創新的法律障礙和現實問題，提出應進一步健全科技立法體系，依據上海市地方科技發展需要進行立法，及時開展科技立法的廢改立工作，關注科技立法的重點領域和薄弱環節，大力推進科技創新政策的可實施性，健全法律責任以及增強制度剛性。

Science and technology innovation policies are major measures that the government takes to create a nurturing environment for science and technology innovations. This paper examined 217 science and technology innovation policies issued by the central government and Shanghai government between 1980 and 2015. Through quantitative research methods and content analysis, this paper studies policymakers, policy themes and policy impacts, and investigates the legal obstacles and practical constraints against science and technology innovations. This paper proposes that the Shanghai government should review and revise legislation on science and technology innovation periodically, focus on key issues and the weakness of science and technology legislation, promote practicability of science and technology innovation policies, and enhance legal responsibility of the system.