論立法規劃的強化

On Strengthening Legislative Planning

編制立法規劃是立法行為之一。立法規劃具有法的性質，即立法規劃屬於一種立法性質的文件，具有法的約束力，但它又有別於典型意義上的法，是一種特殊意義的法，表現在其編制主體、編制程序以及效力的特殊性，具有“軟約束＂的特點。立法規劃兼具有指令性和指導性雙重屬性。基於立法規劃作用的有限性以及立法規劃存在的“體制性障礙＂等原因，強化立法規劃成為必要。強化立法規劃必須加強規則與制度的建設。編制立法規劃，除了堅持立法的一般原則外，還需要堅持需要、合法與可行三項基本原則，以提高立法的及時性、針對性和系統性，樹立所立法之法的權威性。健全編制立法規劃的體制和機制、完善立法項目的論證制度是保證立法規劃的合憲性、正當性以及有效性的重要路徑。

Making legislative plans is one kind of legislative activities. Legislative plans have the attribute of law, in other words, legislative plans belong to the realm of legislative documents which have legal binding force. While being different from typical laws, the special meanings of legislative plans are embodied in the subject, procedures and validity, and their binding force is soft. Legislative plans have the dual properties of commanding and guiding. Because of the functional limitations and institutional obstacles, strengthening the legislative planning is necessary. In order to improve legislative planning, we must strengthen the construction of institutions and rules. In the meanwhile, adhering to principles of demands, legality and practicability as well as the general principles of legislation can enhance the timeliness, pertinence and systematicness of legislation and establish the authority of laws that will be made. Improving the system and mechanisms of legislative planning and the institution of argumentation are important approaches of warranting the constitutionality, legitimacy and validity of legislative plans.