地方立法公眾參與的循序推進

Proceeding Public Participation in Local Legislation Step by Step

源起於歐美行政程序中的公眾參與制度，通過我國地方政府的規章制定而被引入我國地方立法程序，又因經濟發達地區地方立法的活躍和對立法質量的要求而獲得其現實合理性，並在實際運用中得到了具有中國特色的創新和發展。由於相關立法的欠缺和地區發展的不平衡，地方立法公眾參與在參與主體、參與形式和參與程序上仍面臨規範化欠缺的困難。在推廣地方立法公眾參與開展較好的地方的經驗的同時，通過明確參與主體的資格和界別劃分、擴大社會組織參與，豐富參與形式，細化參與程序特別是意見回饋程序，有利於地方立法公眾參與制度的不斷完善和在全國範圍內循序推進。

Public participation, which originated from the US and European Countries, was introduced into the procedure of Chinese local legislation through the making of local government rules. Its necessity and significance have been acknowledged due to the dynamic local legislation in economically developed areas. Innovation and development of public participation have also been made with Chinese characteristic when being applied. However, public participation is now encountering difficulties of lacking higher laws to stipulate its procedures, and the uneven economic and social development of local areas also affected the application of these procedures. The participants and ways of participation, as well as other detailed procedure, especially responding of comments from the public, still need to be perfected. Experience of provinces and cities which adopted public participation earlier might be helpful to other local areas to proceed public participation in an orderly way, and push it forward nationwide step by step.