精准立法：新時期提高地方立法質量的基本路徑

Precise and Accurate Legislation: the Fundamental Path to Improve the Quality of Local Legislation in the New Period

在全面推進依法治國的新形勢下，地方立法呈現出諸多新特點，要求革新立法理念，提升地方立法質量。基於法律對地方立法的規定和總結多年的地方立法實踐經驗，實施精准立法，這是提高地方立法質量的基本路徑。要實現精准立法，要求做到“三准兩精一格局＂即立法方向要把准，立法位階要定准，立法問題要找准；法規內容要精細，立法實務要精密；堅持黨的領導、人大主導和社會有序參與的立法工作格局。具體而言，立法方向上，堅持政治正確性，確保憲法法律有效實施，樹立服務大局意識，秉承立法價值公正性，堅持立法功能引領性。立法位階上，遵循法律體系內在規律，體現客觀規律，依法立法，突出特色。立法問題上，堅持問題導向，立足本地實際，找准制約經濟社會發展的關鍵環節和體制機制問題進行立法。法規內容上，提高立法科學性、針對性、有效性，增強法規可操作性、可執行性，並注重一事一法、法規明確具體、精雕細刻。立法實務上，做好資料收集整理，堅持“三結合＂起草工作模式，把立法的必要性、可行性、公正性、合法性、規範性作為審議重點，綜合運用立法論證、聽證、協商、評估的方式方法解決立法難題。總之，在堅持黨的領導、人大主導和社會有序參與的立法工作格局下，樹立和落實精准立法的新理念，有利於推動新的立法實踐，進一步提升立法質量和水平，深入促進法治建設。

Facing the new tide of promoting rule of law comprehensively, local legislation presents a great deal of charateristics, which require reformation of legislative concept and promotion of local legislative work. Based on the statues and experience about local legislation, pursuing precise and accurate legislation is the fundamental path to promote local legislation. In order to realize precise and accurate legislation, we have to achieve 'three accuracy, two precision and one system', which means to make sure that the orientation, rank and subject for legislation are accurate, and that the content and practice for legislation are exquisite, and that legislation system is led by the Chinese Communist Party, directed by the National People's Congress and joined by the society. To be concrete, in the perspective of legislation orientation, we should insist on political correctness, insure Constitution and laws effective, build up the overall consciousness, sustain fair legislative values, and persevere guiding function of legislation. As to legislation rank, we should assert the internal rules of law system, reflect the objective truth, legislate according to law, and emphasize prominent features. On the legislation subject, we should stick to the topic, base on local practice and find out the key link in the development of society and economy and institution problems. On legislation content, we should make the legislation more scientific, pertinent and effective, improve the law in operability and performability, and lay emphasis on one law for one subject, precise and exquisite. On practice for legislation, we should complete the data collection, insist the three-in-one combination for draft making, take the necessity, feasibility, fairness, legality, and standardability of legislation as key points for review, synthesize ways of argumentation, hearing, negotiation and assessment to overcome the challenges. In conclusion, under the system led by the Chinese Communist Party, directed by the National People's Congress and joined by the society, setting up and establishing the new idea of accurate and precise legislation is helpful to drive the new legislative practice and promote legislation quality, thoroughly boost rule of law.