銀髮族無接縫旅遊之移動需求

The Study on the Demand of Seamless Travel Movement for Senior People

全球老化使得高齡相關產業、服務業無不卯足全力搶佔老人藍海市場，尤以旅遊業為甚。老化伴隨而來相關健康問題，在旅遊行程中之食、住、行、遊、購、娛等面向皆可能產生縫隙（Gaps）而導致高齡者原有健康問題惡化或誘發健康問題產生。尤其在移動上，如能找出縫隙便能建構優質的銀髮旅遊移動環境。本研究即由生理、心理及社會三大面向探討旅遊移動之具體與潛在「縫隙」（Gaps）。運用由自由列舉（free-listing）、半結構式訪談（focused or semi-structured interview）及ANTHROPAC軟體程式分析。研究結果顯示：100名受試者中，慢性疾病中以高血壓人數最高達43位，依序為糖尿病、心血管等疾病，只有6位有退化性關節炎（包含類風性關節炎及人工髖關節）。「顯著指數（Smith’s S）」列舉頻率較高的縫隙為心理層面；其次是社會層面；與銀髮族切身的生理層面列舉頻率很低。訪談發現，在個人生理部分縫隙（Gaps）有，對於身體行動適當性無特定傾向；擔心自身問題影響到既定旅程；缺乏上下樓梯與斜坡之因應；容易壓抑生理需求（比如：如廁）；缺乏行走輔具的應用概念。

The global trend on increasing of aging population has made aging society become the hot spot for elder-related industries and service providers, especially in travel and tourism industry. All health problems accompanied by aging process could lead to potential gaps related to food, housing, movement, recreation, shopping and entertainment during a trip. The potential gaps related to healthy problems are evident in the aspect of movement. These gaps might lead senior citizens’ original health problems worse, or induce the health problem during a trip. Therefore a circumstance providing good movement could be highly recommended based on the resultant knowledge of gaps. This study explored the existing and potential gaps on physical, psychological and social aspects of movements while traveling. Free-listing, semi-structured interview and ANTHROPAC program are used for analysis. The results show that there are 43 senior citizens with hypertensive disease among 100 subjects, and subjects with diabetes, cardiovascular diseases are the next in line. The resulting salience index (also called Smith’s S) of listings shows the gaps on psychological aspect occur with higher frequency, and those on social aspect reveal lower frequency. The gaps on physical aspect show no specific tendency toward the suitability about physical action, and those gaps include worries about personal problems in the existing itinerary, being not able to process climbing stairs and ramps, tending to constrain physiological needs (e.g., toilet), and lacking of concept of applying walking assistive tools.