論紀昀評點文心雕龍──以神思、體性、通變篇為例

An analysis of Ji Yun’s commentary critique of Wenxin diaolong (The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons) using examples from “Shensi,” “Tixing,” and “Biantong”

《文心雕龍》作為第一部體系完整的文論著作，在中國文學批評史上的地位相當卓著。至明、清兩代，文人評點《文心雕龍》更成為一時風尚，其中以紀昀的評點最受囑目。紀昀曾主持《四庫全書》的編慕，亦編寫《四庫全書總目提要》，對歷代詩文的流變與發展可說特具慧識，又被稱之為用力最勤、成就最深的評點者，其中展現不少具有總結性的文學主張，在其評點中更見深化，值得吾人加以關注。為能突顯紀評《文心雕龍》的研究價值，本文在研究方法上是以紀昀對《文心雕龍》的評點為主體，以〈神思〉、〈通變〉與〈體性〉三篇作為核心，並廣泛蒐羅紀昀於《四庫總目提要》、《紀文達公遺集》中所展現的文學批評意見，並與其評點加以綜合討論，試圖探討紀昀何以如此評點的原因，瞭解紀昀評點《文心雕龍》所採取的各種「位置」或是「姿態」，並探討紀評（評點）與《文心雕龍》（作品）的互動關係，進而能夠瞭解紀評《文心雕龍》的價值所在。

As the first systematic work of literary criticism, Wenxin diaolong (The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons) is a very important work in the history of Chinese literary criticism. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, it became fashionable for scholars to provide pingdian (commentary critiques) for Wenxin diaolong. Among the literati, Ji Yun’s work received the most attention. Ji Yun was previously the chief editor of Siku quanshu (The Complete Library in Four Branches) and produced the Siku quanshu zongmu tiyao (Annotated Catalog of Books in the Imperial Library). He was praised for being the most diligent and distinguished literary critic, providing exceptional insights into the changes and development of literary works throughout history. Many of his views on literature are conclusive and in-depth, particularly in his commentaries. This article analyzes Ji Yun’s commentary critique of Wenxin diaolong, focusing on three chapters: “Shensi”, “Biantong”, and “Tixing” and literary criticism from Ji’s Siku quanshu zongmu tiyao and Ji Wenda gong yiji (Collected Works of Lord Wenda) to examine the attitudes and positions Ji Yun held with regard to Wenxin diaolong. The article will also explore the dialogical relationship between Ji’s commentary and the text to understand the value of Ji’s critique of Wenxin diaolong.