英文摘要 |
The period spanning from the late 19th to the early 20th century saw drastic changes in East Asian cultures. The Chinese Qing dynasty and Japan were forced to abandon their long-existing isolationism under the demands of powerful Western countries. Subsequently, the two countries began to learn about systems and regulations in modern Western cultures. This atmosphere of learning led to the Self-Strengthening Movement in China during the late Qing dynasty and the Meiji Restoration in Japan. This study investigated the Jihezhai Shihua by Hong Xu to explore how Hong depicted cultural classics and discussed the changes between the time periods. In Jihezhai Shihua, Hong evaluated works from writers across dynasties to construct a chronicled tree system of cultural classics. His comments on works from the Chou dynasty to the late Qing dynasty were based on the criteria of cultural classics. In response to the cultural changes that occurred over time, Hong presented his discourses. He prioritized segregating Chinese cultures from Western cultures, favoring showing restraint toward Western cultures; rather the focus must be learning new knowledge. He thought that the differences between Chinese and Western cultures must be noted and maintained. Moreover, Hong restated the distinction between Asia and Europe. Thus, he identified himself with the classical Chinese poetry created by Japanese poets during the late Tokugawa shogunate, in turn showcasing his identification with the cultural classics. |