《四庫全書總目》稱譽的考證家及其接受探論──以揚州著名學者為對象的考察

The reception of the philologists praised by ＂Ssu-kuch’uan-shutsungmu＂: An inquiry into nine renowned scholars from the Yang-chou school

本文旨在考察《四庫全書總目》學術評價對後世學者實質影響的狀況。經由考察得知《總目》推崇「精於考證」的學者為：方以智、顧炎武、朱彝尊、閻若璩和沈彤等五人。本文選擇揚州學派九位著名的學者，考察他們對《總目》五大考證家接受而受影響的實況。九位學者中確定直接受影響者為阮元、黃承吉、江藩和劉文淇；可能直接受影響的有任大椿、王念孫和焦循；間接受影響為劉台拱和朱彬。九位學者的引述和《總目》學術高低評價：顧炎武、閻若璩、朱彝尊、方以智、沈彤的排列相符，可證《總目》的學術評價，確實存在實質的影響。再者方以智和顧炎武同時同輩，但《總目》基於學術考鏡源流和判別政治認同的需要，將方以智排在學術系譜之前端，容易讓人誤解高出顧炎武一輩。研究結果對清代學術、經學史、四庫學和揚州學派等的研究者，提供某些可信資料和引導思考研究方向的功能。

This essay investigates how the comments of Ssu-kuch'uan-shutsung-mu (The list of contents of the Complete Library in Four Branches of Literature) influenced later generations. In particular, I have studied nine scholars from the Yang-chou school, examining their discussions of Fang I-chih, Ku Yen-wu, Chu I-tsun, Yen Juo-ch'u and Shen-t'ung, five scholars praised as ＂highly adept at philological studies＂ by Ssukuchuan- shutsung-mu. According to the ways in which these nine scholars quoted and ranked those five philologists, I have reached the conclusion that Juan Yuan, Huang Cheng-chi, Chiang Fan as well as Liu Wen-ch'i were directly influenced by Ssukuch'uan- shutsung-mu, whereas Jen Ta-chun, Wang Nien-sun and ChiaoHsun were possibly directly influenced and Liu T'ai-kung and Chu Pin were indirectly influenced. My study, in sum, provides reliable materials and guidelines for further exploring the scholarship of the Ch'ing dynasty, the history of studying the classics, Ssu-kuch'uanshu, and the Yang-chou school.