何海鳴短篇「倡門小說」中的娼妓形象

The Image of Prostitute on He Hai-Ming's ＂Prostitutes Novel＂

民初鴛鴦蝴蝶派作家何海鳴善長寫作短篇小說，其短篇「倡門小說」尤受當時文壇及後來學界稱道。所謂「倡門小說」，指的是「以娼家或妓女為描寫對象的小說」，何海鳴所發表的短篇倡門小說多達二十六篇，這些小說所塑造的娼妓與晚清「狹邪小說」中的娼妓形象有不少差異：首先，狹邪小說對於娼妓的可憐身世較少著墨，何海鳴則有意強調以表達同情；其次，狹邪小說中主流的男女關係頗為不堪，妓女普遍形象是見利忘義、不重感情，而在何海鳴短篇倡門小說中，娼妓重情重義的形象十分鮮明；再者，由於民初人本意識逐漸抬頭，小說中經常強調妓女的人格尊嚴和生存權力，而何海鳴短篇倡門小說即具體表現了這樣的內蘊，何海鳴筆下的不少妓女的性格，較諸狹邪小說中的妓女更為剛強果敢，何海鳴在他的小說中，盡力去維護她們的人格尊嚴。就寫作藝術方面來看，何海鳴塑造了不少立體生動的娼妓形象。由於寫人藝術的表現不俗，使得何海鳴能夠更為成功的型塑出當時娼妓種種剛毅多情、令人敬佩又值得同情的立體形象。

He Hai-Ming had issued 26 Prostitutes Novels in early republic of china. The image of prostitute portrayed by He Hai-Ming was different from most Courtesan Novels in late Qing Dynasty. First of all, there were seldom referring to prostitute's family background in Courtesan Novel , but the family background was emphasized on purpose in He Hai- Ming's Prostitutes novel. Secondly, almost all prostitutes were mercenary in Courtesan Novel, but in He Hai-Ming's Prostitutes novel many prostitutes were affectionate. And finally, the prostitute's character in Courtesan Novel was not so firm as in Hai-Ming's Prostitutes novel. On the ground of the good skill to create the characters in novels, so He Hai-Ming could portray the vivid image in his Prostitutes Novels.