異域之印象與想像：試析《海外奇談》的偽托書寫

The Impression and Imagination about Foreign Land: On the Rewriting of the Japanese Chinese Written Novel Hai-uai-chi-tan

中國通俗小說於江戶時期(1603-1867)傳入日本，其中以《三國演義》、《水滸傳》及《三言》、《二拍》等最受歡迎，之後並有翻譯或改寫版本產生。日本除了接受中國輸入的小說，也進而自創漢文小說，將中國古代小說的結構、經驗、意趣予以改寫，甚而有刻意以假亂真，強調原為日本本土創作之小說而後傳入中國被翻譯者，在此背景之下，此類小說呈現的中國小說風貌，實具有多重內涵。本文即著眼原名《忠臣庫》的日本漢文小說《海外奇談》模擬且偽托之現象，嘗試分析其中具有的中國小說形式之認知與表現，文分三部分，分別為一、標榜漢譯的價值意識；二、模擬改寫的文本特徵與三、印象型塑的自覺詮釋，以期理解此類日本作家的刻意假托，呈現了哪些來自中國價值觀點與通俗小說之印象，以及相關的文學交流與發展內涵。

This article studies the simulation of the Japanese novel Hai-uai-chi-tan, whose old name is Loyal minister Storehouse, and attempts to analyzes the cognition and the performance from the Chinese novel form.From the phenomenon of rewriting and disguises, we may discover that the Japanese writers regarding the Chinese novel form's cognition and the performance or the characteristic, for example the emphasis of Chinese translation, the aware annotation and the impression of the simulation and rewriting, etc.By the research result, we may understand that the Japanese writers have carried on from China's value viewpoint and the popular fiction formal notion, as well as the exchange and the development between the Chinese and Japan's popular literature.